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The effect that a neurotransmitter has on the postsynaptic membrane depends on?
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∙ 12y ago
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∙ 12y ago
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The effect of a neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell occurs when the neurotransmitter?
binds to specific receptors on postsynaptic cell membrane
Describe how synapses work?
The action potential reaches the pre synaptic area, which opens a voltage sensitive Calcium ion gate, allowing calcium ions to move in via diffusion along an electrochemical gradient. The period of refraction (repolarisation) closes this gate. The increased conc. of Calcium ions pushes vesicles with neurotransmitter to the presynaptic membrane, where they fuse and exocytosis causes the neurotransmitter to be released across the synaptic cleft. The NT binds to a receptor which opens Na+ channels on the postsynaptic membrane, allowing depolarisation due to Na+ diffusion which continues the action potential across the other neurone. The neurotransmitters are broken down by enzymes or are reabsorbed by endocytosis into the presynaptic cleft, using energy from ATP.
Is the effect of a neurotransmitter on the muscle cell membrane to modify its ion permeability properties temporarily?
Acetylcholine
What is the difference between a synapse and a synaptic gap?
A synapse is the meeting point between two neurones, for example sensory neurone and relay neurone. The synaptic cleft (gap) is the gap between the neurones, across which a neurotransmitter diffuses to pass the impulse from one neurone to the next.
The effect of acid on the cell membrane?
The same as the effect of acid on your skin. It breaks down and seperates.
What determines the effect that a neurotransmitter has on the postsynaptic neuron?
the receptors on the postsynaptic membrane
The effect of a neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell occurs when the neurotransmitter?
binds to specific receptors on postsynaptic cell membrane
Describe how synapses work?
The action potential reaches the pre synaptic area, which opens a voltage sensitive Calcium ion gate, allowing calcium ions to move in via diffusion along an electrochemical gradient. The period of refraction (repolarisation) closes this gate. The increased conc. of Calcium ions pushes vesicles with neurotransmitter to the presynaptic membrane, where they fuse and exocytosis causes the neurotransmitter to be released across the synaptic cleft. The NT binds to a receptor which opens Na+ channels on the postsynaptic membrane, allowing depolarisation due to Na+ diffusion which continues the action potential across the other neurone. The neurotransmitters are broken down by enzymes or are reabsorbed by endocytosis into the presynaptic cleft, using energy from ATP.
What is the action of dopamine on the postsynaptic membrane?
All neurotransmitters have an effect on the post synaptic membrane of either inhibition or excitation. Dopamine is an Excitatory NT so if a Excitatory Neuron meets with another Excitatory Neuron it creates Excitation. However if it meets with an Inhibitory Neuron Dopamine and the other Excitatory NT's wll only create Inhibition. Only GABA and Glycine are considered Inhhibitory NTransmitters.
Is the effect of a neurotransmitter on the muscle cell membrane to modify its ion permeability properties temporarily?
Acetylcholine
What is it when nerve impulses are interrupted and muscles don't react?
This can be caused by inhibitor molecules known as neurotoxins occupying the active sites of the receptor molecules of the postsynaptic neurone membrane, this prevents an action potential from being carried from the presynaptic neurone to the postsynaptic neurone, thus preventing the passage of a nerve impulse and consequental muscular contractions that produce an effect to stimuli
What was the first drug to have an effect on a neurotransmitter?
Opium.
A chemical found in the synaptic vesicles that when released has an effect on the next cell is called a?
neurotransmitters
Chemicals found in the synaptic vesicles which when released has an effect on the next cell?
a neurotransmitter
When the second excitory postsynaptic potential arrives at a single synapse before the effect of the first has disappeared what occurs?
Temporal summation occurs at a single synapse that is activated by a second excitory postsynaptic potential occurring in rapid succession before the first has disappeared.
What determines whether a neurotransmitter will have an inhibitory excitatory effect?
How a neurotransmitter interacts with the receptors determines its effects. They activate receptors to perform specific functions in the body.the type of receptor
What is the effect of heat on beetroot?
The effect of heat on beetroot is that the membrane becomes impacted. It causes the membrane to be more permeable.
