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Bial's test is used to determine the presence of a pentose sugar. For example, the sugar ribose would turn green (positive) and the sugar glucose would turn brown or yellow (negative).

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) both contain a suger. RNA contains ribose, so it should have a positive orcinol test. DNA contains deoxyribose, which should have a weak reaction, yielding what appears to be a negative result.

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