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In DNA replication, enzymes (DNA polymerases) work in the 3 prime to 5 prime end, creating the new strand in the 5 prime to 3 prime direction. This is due to their structure- they add bases to preexisting 3 prime anchors.
Of the five carbons on the deoxyribose, the 3 prime is joined to a hydroxyl and the 5 prime is joined to a phosphate group.
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How do topoisomerase inhibitors work to target and disrupt DNA replication in cancer cells?
Topoisomerase inhibitors work by blocking the action of enzymes called topoisomerases, which are essential for unwinding and winding DNA during replication. By inhibiting these enzymes, the inhibitors prevent cancer cells from properly replicating their DNA, leading to cell death.
How do enzymes explain how they do the actual work of replication?
Enzymes play a crucial role in the process of DNA replication by facilitating the unwinding of the DNA double helix, the synthesis of new DNA strands, and the proofreading of the newly synthesized DNA. Enzymes such as helicase unwind the DNA strands, DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand, and exonuclease proofreads and corrects any errors. Overall, enzymes help to ensure that DNA replication is accurate and efficient.
What enzymes build DNA?
Enzymes involved in DNA replication include DNA polymerase, helicase, primase, ligase, and topoisomerase. These enzymes work together to unwind the DNA helix, synthesize new DNA strands, and repair any mistakes that may occur during the process.
Do enzymes unwind the two strands of the parent DNA double helix during DNA replication?
Several enzymes participate in DNA replication, one being helicase which unwinds the two nucleotide strands.Binding proteins stabilize the single stranded DNA and DNA polymerase attach the free nucleotides to the growing strand. The DNA ligases seal the short stretches of nucleotides into one continuous strand
What is the role of single-strand binding proteins in DNA replication and repair processes?
Single-strand binding proteins play a crucial role in DNA replication and repair by stabilizing single-stranded DNA molecules, preventing them from forming secondary structures and allowing enzymes to access and work on the DNA. This helps ensure accurate replication and efficient repair of damaged DNA.
How do topoisomerase inhibitors work to target and disrupt DNA replication in cancer cells?
Topoisomerase inhibitors work by blocking the action of enzymes called topoisomerases, which are essential for unwinding and winding DNA during replication. By inhibiting these enzymes, the inhibitors prevent cancer cells from properly replicating their DNA, leading to cell death.
How do enzymes explain how they do the actual work of replication?
Enzymes play a crucial role in the process of DNA replication by facilitating the unwinding of the DNA double helix, the synthesis of new DNA strands, and the proofreading of the newly synthesized DNA. Enzymes such as helicase unwind the DNA strands, DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand, and exonuclease proofreads and corrects any errors. Overall, enzymes help to ensure that DNA replication is accurate and efficient.
The process of DNA replication is completely controlled by what?
The process of DNA replication is controlled by various enzymes and proteins. Key players include DNA polymerase, helicase, and ligase. These enzymes work together to unwind the DNA double helix, separate the strands, and create new complementary strands.
What is the y-shaped structure of DNA double helix?
The y-shaped structure in DNA double helix is called a replication fork. It forms when the double helix unwinds to allow DNA replication to occur. At the replication fork, enzymes work together to separate the DNA strands and build new complementary strands.
Explain the two roles that enzymes play in DNA replication as is illustared infigure 9 in this section?
an enzyme called DNA helicases unwinds the double helix before DNA replication begins. enzymes known as DNA polymerases move along each of tge DNA strands while adding nucleotides to the exposed nitrogen bases according to the base pairing rules.
What enzymes build DNA?
Enzymes involved in DNA replication include DNA polymerase, helicase, primase, ligase, and topoisomerase. These enzymes work together to unwind the DNA helix, synthesize new DNA strands, and repair any mistakes that may occur during the process.
DNA replication is carried out by a series of?
Enzymes, such as helicase, DNA polymerase, and ligase. These enzymes work together to unwind the double-stranded DNA, synthesize new complementary strands, and seal the gaps in the newly formed strands. This process ensures accurate duplication of the genetic material.
What happens when a helicase doesn't work?
Replication would be hard pressed to take place. Helicase is the enzyme that splits the double helix and unwinds this helix so that DNA polymerase can do it's job of running the leading and lagging strands of DNA in the replication process.
Do enzymes unwind the two strands of the parent DNA double helix during DNA replication?
Several enzymes participate in DNA replication, one being helicase which unwinds the two nucleotide strands.Binding proteins stabilize the single stranded DNA and DNA polymerase attach the free nucleotides to the growing strand. The DNA ligases seal the short stretches of nucleotides into one continuous strand
The process of DNA replication is controlled by?
DNA replication is controlled by a variety of enzymes, including DNA polymerase, helicase, topoisomerase, and ligase. These enzymes work together to unwind the DNA double helix, synthesize new DNA strands, proofread for errors, and seal the newly synthesized strands. Additionally, various regulatory proteins and checkpoints ensure that the process proceeds accurately and efficiently.
Where in an animal cell does DNA replication occur?
DNA replication occurs in the nucleus of an animal cell. This process involves the DNA molecule unwinding to form a replication fork, where enzymes work to create new strands of DNA complementary to the existing strands.
What is the role of single-strand binding proteins in DNA replication and repair processes?
Single-strand binding proteins play a crucial role in DNA replication and repair by stabilizing single-stranded DNA molecules, preventing them from forming secondary structures and allowing enzymes to access and work on the DNA. This helps ensure accurate replication and efficient repair of damaged DNA.
