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Kinins are proteins in the blood that affect certain muscle contractions and blood pressure (especially low blood pressure).
They also:
- Increase blood flow throughout the body
- Make it easier for fluids to pass through small blood vessels (capillaries)
- Stimulate pain receptors
- Are part of a complex system that helps repair damaged tissue in the body
Firestein GS. Mechanisms of inflammation and tissue repair. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 45.
What else can I help you with?
What are the steps in the inflammatory process?
1. Vasodialation and increased permeability of vessels:Caused by histamines from mast cells, kinins from precursors in the blood, prostoglandins from damages cells and leukotrienes from basophils and mast cells.Blood flow increases, extra clotting factors, antibodies localize.2. Phagocyte Emigration:Occurs within one hour, neutrophils and then monocytes arrive and leave the blood stream(emigration) as a result of chemotaxis.3. Initiation of Tissue Repair:Neutrophils and macrophages (short life span) die and form pus. This begins the tissue repair process. Pus eventually drains.
What triggers a inflammatory response?
The inflammatory response (inflammation) occurs when tissues are injured. Leukocytes and plasma proteins gather to inflame the area to fight infection. is a nonspecific defense reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection
What has the author Michael Bader written?
Michael Bader has written: 'Kinins' -- subject(s): Kinins, Kallikreins, Kallikrein, Metabolism, Kallikrein-Kinin System, Physiology
Identify the role of kinins and prostaglandins?
Kinins and prostaglandins are both key cells in the process of inflammation. Active complement or tissue damage can trigger these mast cells. The Kinins trigger pain in the nerve endings. Prostaglandins are like histamine and increase permiability and vasodilation in the capillary vessel. Which is the most important part of the inflammation process.
What is primary response to release histamine prostaglandins and kinins?
The primary response to the release of histamine, prostaglandins, and kinins is the initiation of inflammation. Histamine increases vascular permeability and causes vasodilation, leading to redness and swelling. Prostaglandins contribute to the pain and fever associated with inflammation, while kinins further promote vasodilation and enhance the inflammatory response. Together, these mediators facilitate the body's defense against injury and infection.
What has the author Gert L Haberland written?
Gert L. Haberland has written: 'Proteolytische Systeme, Steuerungsseinheiten im Organismus' -- subject(s): Kinins, Proteolytic enzymes
What is prekallikrein?
Prekallikrein (PK), also known as Fletcher factor, is a 85,000 Mr serine protease that complexes withHigh-molecular-weight Kininogen. PK is the precursor of plasma kallikrein, which is a serine protease that activates kinins. PK is cleaved to produce kallikrein by activated Factor XII (Hageman factor).
What has the author Hans Fritz written?
Hans Fritz has written: 'Recent Progress on Kinins: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Kallikrein-Kinin System' 'Bosniak =' -- subject(s): World War, 1914-1918, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Bosnian Participation, History 'Kastratengesang' -- subject(s): Castrati, Castration
What are two proinflammatory chemicals of the inflammation process?
Two proinflammatory chemicals involved in the inflammation process are histamine, which increases blood flow and vascular permeability at the site of injury, and prostaglandins, which contribute to pain and fever by sensitizing nerve endings and signaling the brain to raise body temperature.
What process is triggered when the chemicals are released from damaged cells after an injury?
There are many, many substances released when tissues are injured, but one of the interesting ones would be prostaglandins. Some other substances of interest that are released would be histamine, antibodies, clotting factors, and a host of others.
Does the human body produce its own anti-histamine and anti-inflammatories?
When your body is invaded by any virus, bacteria or even a splinter, it will respond with general inflammatory response chemicals These chemicals include histamine (mostly secreted by basophils, white blood cells found in connective tissue), kinins, prostaglandins (PGs), and complement.Vasodilation (dilation of blood vessels), stimulated by histamine and other chemicals, increases blood supply to the damaged area. This causes redness and an increase in local temperature. All of these responses are harmful to the pathogens causing the infection.
List the cardinal signs of inflammation and the causes of each sign?
Rubor (Redness) - Vasodilation, local hyperemia that occurs when atrioles dilate. (remember that hyperemia is due to an increased metabolism often induced by a fever.) Tumor(Swelling) - Exudate, fluid containing clotting factors and antibodies seeps from the blood into the tissue spaces. Calor(Heat) - Vasodilation, local hyperemia that occurs when atrioles dilate. (remember that hyperemia is due to an increased metabolism often induced by a fever.) Dolor(Pain) - Edema presses on adjacent nerve endings contributing to the sensation of pain. Also the sensitizing effects of releasing Agranulocytes(prostaglandins and kinins.
What is in jellyfish sting?
some nasty stuff Depends on the jellyfish involved but they all use one of the three called cnidocyte,cnidoblast or nematocyte. This is a type of venomous cell unique to phylum cnidaria. ( Jellyfish,coral,sea anemones and hydrae) the toxin causes sodium and calcium ion transport abnormalities, disrupts cellular membranes, releases inflammatory mediators, and acts as a direct toxin on the myocardium, nervous tissue, hepatic tissue, and kidneys. Specifically, the toxin may contain catecholamines, vasoactive amines (eg, histamine, serotonin), kinins, collagenases, hyaluronidases, proteases, phospholipases, fibrinolysins, dermatoneurotoxins, cardiotoxins, neurotoxins, nephrotoxins, myotoxins, and antigenic proteins. In more simple terms. It's bad stuff and it hurts.
Why is inflammation painfull?
Excellent question. There are many complex factors in inflammation that make it a very important function of the body. It involves mostly the endocrine system and tissue hormones called prostaglandins and the immune and lymph system and release of chemicals like histamine and and kinins. The reason that it is painful is also just as complex. But to put it in simple terms just imagine having a water balloon. If you fill it up just to regular size, it looks pretty good and does the things like shaking and wiggling like you would expect. Now imagine the same water balloon only this time fill it with water until it almost bursts. Can you imagine being that water balloon? It is about ready to burst! That is water pressure doing that. Now imagine that same schenario in your body tissues. When they get so full of fluid that they are feeling like they are going to burst they feel pain. Just remember this helpful memory device: Water = pressure; more water means more pressure, less water is less. Tissues in the body respond to increased pressure by sending impulses to the brain throught the spinal cord that the brain interprets as harmful or painful.
