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What statement best describes the function of tRNA in translation?
tRNA carries specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation. It recognizes the codon on the mRNA through its anticodon and brings the corresponding amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain.
How are tRNA polypeptide and anticodon related?
tRNA is a type of RNA molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. The tRNA has an anticodon sequence that is complementary to the mRNA codon, allowing it to base pair with the mRNA and ensure the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
What is the purpose of a transfer RNA?
Transfer RNA (tRNA) plays a crucial role in protein synthesis by carrying specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation. Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon region that binds to the corresponding codon on messenger RNA, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
What element transports and positions amino acids?
The element that transports and positions amino acids is tRNA (transfer RNA). tRNA molecules carry specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis and ensure that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain according to the sequence of mRNA.
What is the role of tRNA in translation?
tRNA is used to carry the 20 different amino acids dissolved in the cytoplasm to the ribosomes to help build the polypeptide chain for proteins to be synthesized. Each tRNA molecule attaches to one type of amino acid.
The step of translation in which amino acids are added one at a time to the growing polypeptide is?
The step of translation in which amino acids are added one at a time to the growing polypeptide is called elongation. During elongation, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules carrying amino acids enter the ribosome and add their amino acids to the growing chain in a sequence determined by the mRNA codons.
How many ribosomes are needed for the production of a polypeptide containing thirty amino acids?
One ribosome is needed to synthesize a polypeptide containing thirty amino acids. The ribosome reads the mRNA and assembles the amino acids into a polypeptide chain according to the codons on the mRNA.
Amino acids are transferred to the ribosome to be incorporated into a growing polypeptide chain by?
transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid at one end and has a unique three-nucleotide sequence called an anticodon at the other end, which pairs with a complementary codon on the mRNA. This process ensures that the correct amino acids are brought to the ribosome and added to the growing polypeptide chain.
Which molecule directs the synthesis of a polypeptide at a ribosome?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) directs the synthesis of a polypeptide at a ribosome by providing the instructions encoded in its nucleotide sequence for the order in which amino acids should be linked together to form the polypeptide.
What statement best describes the function of tRNA in translation?
tRNA carries specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation. It recognizes the codon on the mRNA through its anticodon and brings the corresponding amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain.
What type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome?
Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon that pairs with the codon on the mRNA to ensure the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
What dictates the corresponding sequence of amino acids in a growing polypeptide chain?
The sequence of amino acids being added to the growing polypeptide chain is controlled by the instructions (codons, 3-base codes) on the mRNA. These are a copy of the coding regions of the gene from the DNA in the nucleus.
How are tRNA polypeptide and anticodon related?
tRNA is a type of RNA molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. The tRNA has an anticodon sequence that is complementary to the mRNA codon, allowing it to base pair with the mRNA and ensure the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
When is the polypeptide (protein) released from the ribosome?
Polypeptides are proteins, just they are short. For example, Insulin is a protein of just 56 amino-acids; it could be considered to be a very large polypeptide.
What takes place during initiation translation and termination?
During initiation of translation, the ribosome assembles around the mRNA, and the first tRNA, carrying the start codon (usually AUG), binds to the P site of the ribosome. In the elongation phase, amino acids are sequentially added to the growing polypeptide chain as tRNAs bring corresponding amino acids to the ribosome. Termination occurs when a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) is reached, prompting the release factor to bind, which catalyzes the release of the completed polypeptide and disassembly of the ribosomal complex.
Which kind of RNA has an anticodon region and carries the amino acids to the ribosome?
Transfer RNA (tRNA) has an anticodon region that base pairs with the codon on mRNA during translation. tRNA also carries specific amino acids to the ribosome according to the genetic code, where they are added to the growing polypeptide chain.
What are ribosome EPA sites?
Ribosome EPA sites are specific locations within a ribosome where tRNAs bind during protein translation. The EPA sites stand for Exit (E), Peptidyl (P), and Aminoacyl (A) sites, each playing a crucial role in the elongation phase of translation by facilitating the addition of amino acids to a growing polypeptide chain.
