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Toxins can get into cells through various mechanisms, such as binding to specific cell surface receptors and being taken up through endocytosis, penetrating the cell membrane directly, or being transported across the membrane by specific transporters. Once inside the cell, toxins can interfere with cell function and cause damage.
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What is a soluble toxin?
A soluble toxin is a toxic substance that can dissolve in water or other bodily fluids, making it more easily absorbed by the body. Soluble toxins can enter the bloodstream and potentially cause harm to cells and organs.
What is a substance that kills cells?
Chemotherapeutic drugs are substances that are designed to kill cancer cells. These drugs work by targeting fast-dividing cells, which includes cancer cells, but can also affect normal cells in the body.
What is the size of a toxin?
The size of a toxin can vary greatly depending on the specific type of toxin. Toxins can range in size from small molecules like cyanide to larger proteins like botulinum toxin.
What is humans most common exposure route for a toxin?
The most common exposure route for a toxin in humans is ingestion, which occurs when a person swallows or consumes a substance contaminated with the toxin. Other common exposure routes include inhalation (breathing in the toxin) and dermal contact (absorbing the toxin through the skin).
Use the word toxin in a sentence?
Lionfish are dangerous because their bodies contain a strong toxin.
What forms of vesicular transport processes are used by flu viruses diphtheria and cholera toxins to enter your cells?
Flu viruses enter cells through endocytosis, a process where the cell engulfs the virus in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane. Diphtheria toxin enters cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis, where the toxin binds to a cell surface receptor and is internalized. Cholera toxin is taken up by clathrin-dependent endocytosis, where the toxin binds to a receptor on the cell surface and is internalized in clathrin-coated vesicles.
What is a toxin?
A toxin is a substance that is harmful to living organisms, often causing damage or death when it enters the body in sufficient quantities. Toxins can be produced by plants, animals, bacteria, or fungi, and they can impact various biological processes in the body.
An environmental toxin that alters the role of the cytoskeleton is least likely to harm which organism?
An environmental toxin that alters the role of the cytoskeleton is least likely to harm a plant. The cytoskeleton in plant cells is less complex compared to animal cells, making it less susceptible to disruption by toxins.
Cholera toxin polypeptide A binds to surface gangliosides on target cells what would happen if the gangliosides were removed?
If gangliosides were removed from the surface of target cells, cholera toxin would be unable to bind effectively to these cells. This would prevent the internalization of the toxin and its subsequent activation of adenylate cyclase, leading to a decrease in cAMP levels. Consequently, the disruption of ion transport and fluid secretion that characterizes cholera would be significantly diminished, likely reducing the severity of the disease. Overall, the absence of gangliosides would inhibit the pathogenic effects of cholera toxin.
Which biological toxin is cytotoxic?
Ricin is a biological toxin that is cytotoxic. It is a protein found in the seeds of the castor oil plant and acts by inhibiting protein synthesis in cells, leading to cell death.
How does the botulinum toxin act in humans?
Botulinum toxin latches onto specific proteins in nerve endings and irreversibly destroys them. These proteins control the release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that stimulates muscle cells.
Is the Ebola virus a toxin or exoenzyme?
No it is a virus, (as it's name suggests).An exoenzyme is an enzyme that is secreted by a cell and that works outside of that cell.A toxin is a poisonous substance produced by living cells or organisms
Harmful chemical substance that is produced to bacteria?
It depends on the type of bacterium as to what toxin is produced. Some toxins are destroyed by cooking the food and others are not. Clostridium botulinum produces a muscle paralysing toxin that can kill you but is also used medically to relax muscles of children with cerebral palsy (and injected into foreheads to smooth facial lines), Botox.Staphylococcus aureus, golden staph, produces a toxin that causes toxic shock syndrome. There is shiga toxin from E. coli from food poisoning, cholera toxin ...Some bacteria secrete toxins and others just have toxins in their cell walls that causes inflammation when the white blood cells destroy the bacteria.
What type of toxin is ciguatera toxin?
It is a biomicrobial toxin.
What is an alpha toxin?
An alpha toxin is a type of protein toxin produced by certain bacteria that can cause damage to host cells by disrupting cell membranes. This disruption can lead to cell death, tissue damage, and contribute to the overall pathogenicity of the bacteria.
What is a poison produced by some pathogens that harms the body's cells that starts with a t?
One example of a poison produced by some pathogens that harms the body's cells is tetanus toxin. This toxin is produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani and can cause muscle rigidity and spasms by interfering with neurotransmitter release.
What does T cytotoxic cell do?
A cytotoxic T cell kills cells that have been infected by a virus or bacterium. It does this by puncturing the cell's membrane and by emitting a toxin that kills cells.
