The number of bits used in hash values varies by algorithm. For example, the MD5 algorithm produces a 128-bit hash, SHA-1 generates a 160-bit hash, and SHA-256 outputs a 256-bit hash. Each algorithm is designed to provide a different level of security and collision resistance, with longer hashes generally offering greater security.
The SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) family includes various algorithms with different output sizes. For example, SHA-1 produces a 160-bit hash, while SHA-256 generates a 256-bit hash. The term "block" in the context of these algorithms generally refers to the size of the input data that is processed at one time, which is 512 bits for SHA-1 and 512 bits for SHA-256 as well. Therefore, the block size for SHA-1 and SHA-256 is 512 bits.
MD5sum and SHA1sum hash values are the same every time you calculate them for the same file because these hashing algorithms produce a unique fixed-size hash value based on the file's content. If the content of the file remains unchanged, the output of the hash function will consistently be the same, regardless of how many times the calculation is performed. This property ensures data integrity, as any modification to the file would result in a different hash value.
Eight bits to the octet. The values are 0-255.
16 bits. Java char values (and Java String values) use Unicode.
An MD5 hash is 128 bits long. This is equivalent to 16 bytes or 32 hexadecimal characters when represented in its common string format. Despite its widespread use, MD5 is considered cryptographically broken and unsuitable for further use in security-sensitive applications.
16 bits per block
16 bits per block
There are 256 possible values (or characters) in 8 bits.
65,536
32 values. 2^5=32
To represent 63 values, you need at least 6 bits, as 2^6 = 64, which can accommodate all 63 values. However, if you're specifically using 8 bits per value, then you would use 8 bits for each of those 63 values, resulting in a total of 63 x 8 = 504 bits.
240(10)=11110000(2)