Besides DNS servers, other functions include Web Hosting, which stores and serves website content; email services, managing the sending and receiving of emails; and file storage solutions, providing cloud storage for data access and backup. Additionally, application servers run specific software applications, while database servers store and manage databases for various applications. Each of these functions plays a crucial role in the overall infrastructure of the internet and network services.
The prefered DNS server for the site is the server which sends the dns zone updates to all the other servers in the site. The primary DNS zone is created on the server and it has the authority to send changes in zone to other servers
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Often, DNS servers that are authoritative, or primary, for specific zones also function as slave, or secondary, DNS servers for other nearby zones. This permits hosts in one zone to gain access to DNS data from those other zones.
A name server is the server component of the Domain Name System (DNS). DNS is one of the two main name spaces on the internet. The most important functions of these DNS servers is translating domain names and host names into corresponding numeric IP addresses.
Querying DNS for the location of the local DCs and GC servers.
A DNS server typically performs functions such as resolving domain names to IP addresses, caching DNS queries to improve response times, and providing authoritative answers for specific domains. It may also support reverse DNS lookups, where IP addresses are translated back into domain names. Additionally, DNS servers can implement security features like DNSSEC to protect against certain types of attacks and can manage zone transfers to synchronize data between servers.
top level
The total number of DNS servers in the world is difficult to determine precisely, as it includes millions of servers operated by various organizations, ISPs, and individuals. Major DNS service providers like Google, Cloudflare, and OpenDNS operate numerous servers globally to handle requests. Additionally, many organizations maintain their own DNS servers. The redundancy and distribution of DNS servers contribute to the robustness of the domain name system.
Whenever mail servers talk to each other, they look for MX records at the destination's DNS. When a DNS server is setup for a domain and that domain has mail capabilities, their DNS server will have at least one MX record to denote which server handles mail. The root DNS servers for the internet denote the addresses for the SOA (start of authority) DNS servers for a particular domain.
I think you need to research about DNS. Each Domain name services provider will operate and maintain their own DNS systems. We also have INTERNIC (Internet Network Information Center), and they will have responsibility for manage all domain names and DNS servers. Each DNS have capacities to query other DNS Servers when they have requested from another. More detail here: http://ecoupon.io/what-is-dns-domain-name-servers/
DNS Server
DNS servers