fluoride
An iron atom is a different element than a sodium atom because it has a different ground state electron configuration. In fact, any atom that differs from any other atom in ground state electron configuration is a different element.
Considering the normal calcium ion Ca2+ it has the same electronic configuration as the noble gas Argon.
They all have full outer shells. in other words 8 electrons in the outer shell
There's only one. Because of this it is very easy for sodium to lose that one electron so that it can have a full electron shell like that of neon. Sodium's first shell has two electrons, and it's second shell has 8 electrons.
An atom of sodium has one valence electron. When a sodium atom loses this electron to another atom, it becomes a sodium ion.
Sodium fluoride has electron and ionic elements. This is taught in science.
neon
An iron atom is a different element than a sodium atom because it has a different ground state electron configuration. In fact, any atom that differs from any other atom in ground state electron configuration is a different element.
Sodium is an element which has one electron in its outer electron shell, and which can obtain a more stable electron configuration by getting rid of that electron. This causes it to undergo chemical reactions with other elements such as oxygen or chlorine, which need to acquire electrons in order to obtain a more stable electron configuration. If sodium reacts with water, it is reacting with the oxygen in the water molecule. In the case of sodium chloride, the sodium has already reacted with chlorine to form that compound, and has given up its outer electron, so it no longer needs to react with oxygen in water.
The noble gas (electron) configuration is a scheme for writing the electron configurations of elements in a kind of "shorthand" so it is easier to write them. For potassium element - not ion , [Ar] 4s1 is the way it is written in noble gas configuration. If we could not use this shorthand and had to write out the electron configuration completely, it would like this:1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1Wikipedia has other information on potassium, and a link is provided.For Sodium it is [Ne]3s1 and thus for sodium ion it is just [Ne]
to find the electron dot configuration of an element simply draw dots, symbolizing valance electrons, in a way that they are farthest from each other around the symbol of the element you are using.
Chlorine is a nonmetal. It is only one electron short of a noble gas electron configuration and is much more likely to abstract an electron from some other element than to donate one to some other element.
Considering the normal calcium ion Ca2+ it has the same electronic configuration as the noble gas Argon.
Sodium, like other metals, does not gain electrons, it loses electrons. Normally a sodium atom would lose only one electron in order to reach a stable electron configuration, becoming the Na+1 ion.
what other other thing can the element sodium do
They all have full outer shells. in other words 8 electrons in the outer shell
There's only one. Because of this it is very easy for sodium to lose that one electron so that it can have a full electron shell like that of neon. Sodium's first shell has two electrons, and it's second shell has 8 electrons.