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When carbon dioxide gas is passed/bubbled through aqueous calcium hydroxide (also known as 'limewater'), a white precipitate will be formed. This means that the solution will turn cloudy/milky due to the formation of that white precipitate.

Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g)CaCO3(s) + H2O(l)

The precipitate, calcium carbonate, is only sparingly soluble in water. It will exist as a suspension in the resulting solution.

But when excess carbon dioxide is added, this reaction takes place instead:

CaCO3(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)Ca(HCO3)2(aq)

The calcium carbonate undergoes further reaction with water and carbon dioxide to form calcium bicarbonate (or calcium hydrogen carbonate), which is soluble. Thus the precipitate appears to 'disappear' or 'dissolve'. Thus, a colourless solution is formed.

----- Other answers -----

Water is added to give calcium hydroxide, and carbon dioxide is passed through this solution to precipitate the desired calcium carbonate, referred to in the industry as precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC):

if carbon dioxide is passed through it it will turn cloudy and if it is done for to long then it will turn colourless.

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Q: What happens when carbon dioxide gas is passed through calcium hydroxide solution?
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