A cognate in spanish is cognado. If you mean it the other way it is a word easy to translate into English from Spanish like balon is balloon. See?
practicar
practice sports: practicar deportes
¿Puedo practicar español?
it means "to practice"
Yes. In Spanish, "guitar" translates to "guitarra."
"Prometo practicar mi espanol"
I practise = practico (from 'practicar' to practise)
About 40% of the words in English have a Spanish cognate. This means that the English word has a similar Spanish word, such as "accident" (English) and "accidente" (Spanish).
Yes, it is.
literaria
No, it is not.
"January" translates to "enero"