A cognate in spanish is cognado. If you mean it the other way it is a word easy to translate into English from Spanish like balon is balloon. See?
practicar
practice sports: practicar deportes
¿Puedo practicar español?
it means "to practice"
Yes. In Spanish, "guitar" translates to "guitarra."
"Prometo practicar mi espanol"
I practise = practico (from 'practicar' to practise)
About 40% of the words in English have a Spanish cognate. This means that the English word has a similar Spanish word, such as "accident" (English) and "accidente" (Spanish).
"January" translates to "enero"
The cognate for English "old" in Spanish is "viejo" and in French is "vieux".
literaria
Yes, it is.