"Purim" (פורי×) is the Hebrew name for Purim.
It's called Purim, like in Hebrew.
"pur" is a Hebrew word for luck/fate, in the scrolls we were saved by luck/fate hence the name
Hamantaschen
You can say Khag Purim Same'akh (חג פורים שמח) but it's more common just to say Khag Sameakh, which means happy holiday.
Purim comes from Pur which means "casting lots" which is what Haman did to decide what day the Purim massacre would be on.Source: Esther 9:26 - Wherefore they called these days Purim after the name of Pur.
You do not dip anything on Purim. You are referring to the holiday of Passover, and the vegeteble is called Karpas (כרפס)
Oh, dude, Shushan Purim is like the afterparty for Purim, but in the ancient city of Shushan. It's when the peeps in walled cities celebrate Purim a day later because they were too busy defending their walls on the regular Purim day. So, it's like Purim, but fashionably late.
Purim
noisemaker or gragger = ra'ashan (רעשן)
Joyeaux Purim? You might be better off sticking with chag Purim sameach (remembering to pronouce the "ch" in the guttural Hebrew way, rather like the Scottish "loch") as anybody celebrating Purim is likely to understand what you mean.
Purim
All of those are Jewish festivals.