Solder guns as a rule have wider tips than soldering irons/soldering pens.You might not be able to reach just the spot that you want to with a solder gun given the size of the components, and how tightly packed they are on a modern circuit board.
Many modern components, such as integrated circuits, will be damaged by the high heat levels produced by soldering guns.
When working on PC boards or any electronic equipment, heat is the biggest enemy. A low wattage soldering iron is the best because it will generate only enough heat to melt the solder and not heat up other adjacent components that are near to the point that you are soldering. Also when working on electronic equipment use a solder with a low melting point. There is a special low temperature solder with a rosin core that is made especially for PC boards. Never use acid core solder on any electrical soldering jobs.
Soldering iron, solder, flux
Flux is used to keep metals from oxidizing. Solder will not bond well with copper-oxides which are formed when copper is exposed to high temperatures (ie a soldering iron) the flux prevents the oxidation. If you were to solder without flux the solder joint would be weak and possibly completely nonconductive.
Never use a acid core solder only resin core should be used and keep the temperature of the soldering iron as low as possible 250 deg C max soldering should be done in a well ventilated space.
Tinning is a process of coating leads or other component parts with solder before making a soldered joint. It is done to ensure that the surfaces to be joined will have a good adhesion to the solder to ensure a robust and secure joint. If leads are not tinned before hand, there is a risk of a dry joint - a joint that might appear to be good but in fact does not have solder in intimate contact with the component. Most dry joints have an appearance that exposes the fault but not all do. The term tinning is used as tin is a component of solder (traditional solder is a mix of tin and lead). Tinning now usually means applying solder as described above but it can also mean applying a coating of tin without lead. Using pure tin is rarely if ever used today. Worldwide there is a move to eliminate lead from electronic assemblies and so tin/lead solder is being replaced. Tin is still used but mixed with copper, silver, zing and other more exotic metals. The process of tinning still takes place even with the new lead free solders.
Mike Judd has written: 'Soldering in electronics assembly' -- subject(s): Design and construction, Printed circuits, Solder and soldering
Soldering is a way of joining one component to another component. Components on a printed circuit board are held in place with solder. Solder being a conductive compound lends itself very nicely in the electrical and electronic industries.
Solder has to be heated in order to melt it for removal, usually by a soldering iron. Then the removal methods can vary. You can get a braided solder remover from a local electronics store that when applied to the melted solder will "wick up" the melted solder. Then there's the vacuum bulb or vacuum hand held solder pump that is used by placing it on the melted solder and either by releasing the bulb or tripping a lever, will literally suck the solder from the connection. Soldering is easy to learn but there are pitfalls if you're not familiar with the techniques, proper sizes of soldering irons, etc.
One old trick to solder two wires is to twist them together and twist some solder round them as well, wrap them in foil and apply a lighted match.
When working on PC boards or any electronic equipment, heat is the biggest enemy. A low wattage soldering iron is the best because it will generate only enough heat to melt the solder and not heat up other adjacent components that are near to the point that you are soldering. Also when working on electronic equipment use a solder with a low melting point. There is a special low temperature solder with a rosin core that is made especially for PC boards. Never use acid core solder on any electrical soldering jobs.
Another name for solder is "soldering wire" or "soldering material."
They are used when soldering fragile electrical components to isolate the heat to the solder joint and away from the component
Tin, lead, bismuth, etc. Many soldering alloys are known today; see the link bellow.
Soldering iron, solder, flux
Shooting solder at a special solder shooting range
C. J. Thwaites has written: 'Soldering' -- subject(s): Solder and soldering 'Capillary joining -- brazing and soft-soldering' -- subject(s): Brazing, Solder and soldering 'Hot-tinning'
The main tools for soldering include a soldering iron, a stand for the soldering iron, and solder. You'd likely use other tools such as brushes, picks, heat sinks, solder wick, desoldering irons, etc.