What were the signal capitalists institutions that underpinned oversea endeavors?

Answer 1

The signal capitalist institutions that underpinned overseas endeavors included joint-stock companies, such as the British East India Company and the Dutch East India Company, which facilitated the pooling of capital for large-scale trade ventures. Additionally, state-sponsored monopolies and chartered companies provided legal frameworks and protections for investors. These institutions enabled risk-sharing among investors and facilitated the establishment of trade networks and colonial enterprises, driving European expansion and exploitation of resources globally.