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What process did Louis pastuer develop to kill germs?
Louis Pasteur is best known for developing the process of pasteurization. Pasteurization involves the heating of a liquid to a specific heat for a certain length of time then immediately cooling it.
What actors and actresses appeared in Sportclub - 1974?
The cast of Sportclub - 1974 includes: Uwe Bahn as Himself - Host Alexander Bommes as Himself - Host Matthias Cammann as Himself - Host Gerhard Delling as Himself - Host Wilfried Hark as Himself - Host Monica Lierhaus as Herself - Host Sandra Maahn as Herself - Host Martin Roschitz as Himself - Host Stephan Schiffner as Himself - Host
What actors and actresses appeared in Academy Live - 1995?
The cast of Academy Live - 1995 includes: Lynda Cardwell as Host Matt Damon as himself Kraig Kann as Host Peter Kessler as Host Rich Lerner as Host Tom Nettles as Host Kelly Tilghman as Host Scott Van Pelt as Host Megan West as Host
What actors and actresses appeared in Intervilles - 1962?
The cast of Intervilles - 1962 includes: Big Ali as Himself - Co-Host Juliette Arnaud as Herself - Host (2004) Tex as Himself - Co-Host Tex as Himself - Host Philippe Corti as Himself (2005-2006) Philippe Corti as Himself - Host Vanessa Dolmen as Herself - Host Simone Garnier as Herself - Host Julien Lepers as Himself - Host Guy Lux as Himself - Host Olivier Minne as Himself - Host Nathalie Simon as Herself - Co-Host Nathalie Simon as Herself - Host
What actors and actresses appeared in Arts Showcase - 2012?
The cast of Arts Showcase - 2012 includes: Heath Buckmaster as Himself - Host Rose Froling as Herself - Host Andrea Guidry as Herself - Host Jessica Laskey as Herself - Host Kellie Raines as Herself - Host Jason Shoultz as Himself - Host Erron Smooth as Himself - Host Terri Taliaferro as Herself - Host
The substance a phage leaves outside its host cell?
The substance a phage leaves outside its host cell is typically referred to as the "phage progeny" or "phage particles." These particles can include newly synthesized phage DNA and proteins, as well as the phage capsid that encapsulates the genetic material. This material can go on to infect other host cells and continue the phage replication cycle.
What phage in the reproductive cycle kills the bacterial host cell?
In the lytic cycle, a phage kills the bacterial host cell by causing it to burst (lysis) to release new phage particles. The phage replicates inside the host cell until it reaches a critical point, then the host cell is ruptured to release the new phages to infect other host cells.
What does phage DNA do once inside the host cell?
Once inside the host cell, phage DNA utilizes the host cell's machinery to replicate itself. It takes over the cellular processes and redirects them towards the production of new phages. The phage DNA is transcribed and translated to synthesize the necessary components for phage assembly, ultimately resulting in the formation of progeny phages inside the host cell.
What is the phage DNA that is integrated into a host cell's chromosome is called a?
Phage DNA that is integrated into a host's cell chromosome is a bacteriophage. They behave as lytic or lysogenic. Lytic breaks open the host after replication, , lysogenic does not destroy the host.
What is one problem that exists today in the use of phage to kill bacteria causing disease?
the use of phage to kill bacteria causing disease may infected the heart-valve.
The assembliy of new viral particles can sometimes take place in the host cells nucleus. However such assembly does not occur with phage viruses Why not?
Viral assembly typically occurs in the host cell's cytoplasm, as it provides the necessary machinery and environment for the process. Phage viruses co-opt the host cell's cytoplasm instead of the nucleus because they need to utilize the host's ribosomes, enzymes, and other resources for replication. The cytoplasm offers the advantage of accessibility to these host cellular components needed for viral assembly.
What is restricted transduction?
Restricted transduction is the phenomenon in which a bacteriophage can only transfer genetic material to certain host cells due to specific receptor recognition. This limits the range of host cells that can be infected by the phage, providing a mechanism for bacterial resistance to phage infection.
What is the difference between virulent phage and prophage?
temperate refers to the life cycle some phages are able to perform. A temperate phage can integrate its genome into its host bacterium's chromosome, becoming a lysogen known as a prophage. A temperate phage is also able to undergo lytic life cycles, where the prophage is expressed, replicates the phage genome and produces phage progeny and the progeny phage leave the bacterium.The virulent phages have only lytic lifecycles and thus infection results in the host cell's death (due to lytic cell destruction-the phage replicates itself and then bursts the cell, releasing many copies).So they are both the same in that they both require a host cell to reproduce. They both can have lytic lifecycles but only the temperate phage can "hitch a ride" in the host cell by integrating into the genome.
What type of phage enters an inactive prophage stage?
A temperate phage is a type of phage that can enter an inactive prophage stage by integrating its DNA into the host cell's genome. In this stage, the prophage replicates along with the host cell's DNA and can be passed on to daughter cells during cell division.
What is the difference between a virulent phage and a temperate phage?
In virology, temperate refers to the life cycle some phages are able to perform. Atemperate phage can integrate its genome into its host bacterium's chromosome, becoming a lysogen known as a prophage. A temperate phage is also able to undergo lytic life cycles, where the prophage is expressed, replicates the phage genome and produces phage progeny and the progeny phage leave the bacterium. The virulent phages have only lytic lifecycles and thus infection results in the host cell's death (due to lytic cell destruction-the phage replicates itself and then bursts the cell, releasing many copies).
What kind of cell does a phage infect?
A phage infects bacterial cells by injecting its genetic material into the host bacterium. Once inside, the phage hijacks the bacterium's cellular machinery to replicate and produce more phage particles, ultimately leading to the bacterium's destruction.
What is temperate phage superinfection immunity?
c. Repression of the phage genome - A phage coded protein, called a repressor, is made which binds to a particular site on the phage DNA, called the operator, and shuts off transcription of most phage genes EXCEPT the repressor gene. The result is a stable repressed phage genome which is integrated into the host chromosome. Each temperate phage will only repress its own DNA and not that from other phage, so that repression is very specific (immunity to superinfection with the same phage).Reference: http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mayer/phage.htm
