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Proteins each of which has a three dimensional shape complementary to that of a specific signal molecule?
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
You are likely referring to receptor proteins. Receptor proteins are used extensively in the endocrine, nervous and immune systems to carry out signal transduction and communication between cells. For example, an endocrine receptor may be the insulin receptor, which dimerizes upon signal molecule (insulin) binding and induces a series of changes in the cell leading to increased glucose uptake, increased glycolysis and decreased gluconeogenesis. A nervous system receptor may be a neurotransmitter receptor located at synapses that induces an action potential in the downstream neuron if it binds to a neurotransmitter released by the upstream neuron. The immune system makes extensive use of receptors and these receptors may be cell-surface bound or even soluble (e.g. antibodies). They are involved either in recognizing foreign molecules, transmission of activation signals for leukocytes, or administration of death (apoptosis) signals to other kinds of cells.
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
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Why must a molecule have a specific shape if it is to be a substrate of an enzyme?
Active sites of enzymes (where the substrates fit in) are substrate specific, and are complementary to the shape of the molecule (substrate). In this way, enzymes can only act on a specific substrate, since that is the only shape that it will accommodate in the active site.
How do transport proteins work?
They are used in Facilitated Diffusion, helping to transport ions, macromolecules, and other substances incapable of entering a cell by themselves to cross through the plasma membrane of the cell.
How are genes and proteins related?
one gene codes for one protein - apex
Which part of the DNA molecule contains the genetic information used to make proteins?
The part of the DNA molecule that carries the genetic information is called the gene. It is the basic unit of heredity. The nucleotide base sequence encodes information. The bases of A,T and C,G code for the order of an Amino Acid which are the proteins. These four bases form millions of combinations that code for all the genetic material in a cell. These structures form the rungs of the ladder. DNA contains two different types of genes, known as introns and extrons. Extrons code for protein synthesis, and introns, as far as we can tell, play a role in determining when specific extrons will be expressed (which is to say, when they will actually be used for protein synthesis) and when they will remain dormant. Almost, the 4 types of nucleotides are "read" in groups of 3 to make 1 codon. Other than a start and stop codon, the rest are translated into amino acids. Those acids become proteins which are then made into genes, or cells of some kind.
What is the complementary sequence to the DNA strand TCGATGG?
AGCTACC. Thymine pairs with adenine and cytosine pairs with guanine.
What type of organic molecule are enzymes?
the type of organic molecule an enzyme is would be a protien
Which bonds often bind different parts of a molecule into a specific three dimensional shape?
Hydrogen
How is it possible that trypsin can catalyse many reactions?
enzymes act by having a complementary active site to the shape of a certain molecule, binding to it then reacting it or hydrolyzing it of whatever. trypsins active site happens to be less specific and can fit a wide range of proteins in.
Which is a correct association of protein types?
Receptor proteins- have a binding site for a specific molecule
What uses channel proteins to help it across the cell membranes?
Water is one specific molecule. Its channel proteins are called aquaporins.
Why does a particular tRNA molecule become temporarily attached only to a specific triplet of mRNA?
Each tRNA molecule contains a specific three-base segment (anticodon) which binds to the complementary codon in mRNA,and a binding site for a specific amino acid.
What binds to a signal molecule enabling the cell to respond to the signal molecule?
receptor proteins bind to signal molecules
Why must a molecule have a specific shape if it is to be a substrate of an enzyme?
Active sites of enzymes (where the substrates fit in) are substrate specific, and are complementary to the shape of the molecule (substrate). In this way, enzymes can only act on a specific substrate, since that is the only shape that it will accommodate in the active site.
What specific molecule is being made in chloroplast?
Glucose is produced mainly.Also produce some proteins.
How and why are embedded transport proteins selective of the molecules they allow through the phospholipid membrane?
they are protein structures with very specific 3D configurations, thus only specific molecules with complementary shape can fit into the transport (carrier or channel) proteins. - Woon Yeow
What is the trna molecule that will be produced for a t t c g a c c t a c g?
The anticodon of a tRNA molecule has only three nitrogen bases. The anticodon is complementary to a codon of mRNA at the ribosome. The tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid from the cytoplasm to its complementary mRNA codon, where it will be incorporated into the new protein being made.
What type of molecule do tRNA carry?
tRNAs are functioning as adapter molecules during proteins synthesis by carrying specific aminoacids
