State the conclusions reached by mendel in his work on the inheritance of characteristics?

Answer 1

- Some "alleles" (hereditary traits) are dominant, and others are recessive.

- If a pure dominant trait is bred with a recessive trait, their offspring will show 75% presence of the dominant trait, and 25% presence of the recessive trait in the F1 (first filial) generation.

- If a plant with a dominant trait from the F1 generation (carrier, heterozygous dominant) is bred with a plant that shows a recessive trait, their offspring will display at 50/50 probability of dominance versus recessiveness. Thus, alleles expressing a particular trait via dominance/recessiveness, in the case of the pea plants, take the form of two alleles that combine to express a particular version. This later has been shown to be homozygous dominance/recessiveness, or heterozygous dominance.

Answer 2

The Law of Segregation, which states that every individual possesses a pair of alleles for any particular trait and that each parent passes a randomly selected copy (allele) of only one of these to its offspring.

The Law of Independent Assortment, which states that separate genes for separate traits are passed independently of one another from parents to offspring.