vicksburg
the public was shocked and horrified by the large number of dead and injured. (novanet)
agriculture
they worked to put white southerners back into power
Congressional Democrats
Before the Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863, slaves in the South could only hope that advancing Union armies would not make themselves victims of collateral damage. After January 1, 1863, Southern slaves could look forward to being freed by advancing Union armies.The Proclamation had no effect on Union slave holding states.
With that said, many freed slaves wanted to enlist in the Union army.
The south generally didn't make as much supplies and arms as the north because the north had the industrial revolution which allowed things to be made faster and cheaper instead of having to have each handmade by a gunsmith. Also, the south around that time were busy growing and selling cotton on large plantations.
On the two main Confederate armies - the Army of Tennessee under Joe Johnston, and the Army of Northern Virginia under Robert E. Lee.
This was the initiative of the new General-in-Chief of the Union armies, Ulysses Grant, who was not interested in occupying territory. He just wanted to destroy the enemy.