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Philip II was King of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia, a member of the founding Argead dynasty, the third son of King Amyntas III, and father of Alexander the great and Philip III.

Though overshadowed historically by the achievements of his son Alexander, Philip was known as a master tactician in his own right and was able to consolidate power and create a larger, stronger and more prosperous kingdom for his son to inherit. His ingenuity remade the Macedonian army turning it into a professional unit and a formidable force. He designed the sarissa, a pike that was 16 feet long, giving the Greek phalanx a greater reach than the traditional pikes that were used until then. This innovation meant that Philip's army could strike first and gain the upper hand. Philip successfully united Greece (except for the Spartans) under his hegemony and planned next, to free the Greeks of Asia Minor from Persian yoke. Unfortunately, he was assassinated before his plans could come to fruition. The campaign was continued by his son Alexander III. Philip will be remembered for his skilled military, innovative and diplomatic tactics.

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8y ago

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