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The Soviet policy of establishing a sphere of influence which came to be known as the Warsaw Pact or Eastern Bloc nations was referred to derisively by Winston Churchill as an Iron Curtain which fell between the Western democratic nations and the nations of Eastern Europe. By ensuring Communist governments were installed in Eastern Europe and, more importantly, by maintaining them through such actions as the Invasion of Hungary and Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union ensured that the Cold War continued until the fall of the Berlin Wall.

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