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Congress passed the Children's internet Protection Act (CIPA) in 2000, requiring public libraries to install internet filtering software on their computers in order to qualify for federal funding. The American Library Association and others challenged the law, claiming that it improperly required them to restrict the First Amendment rights of their patrons. The challenge took place in the Eastern Pennsylvania District Court, where a three judge panel heard the case, and ruled unanimously that the CIPA violated the First Amendment.

June 23, 2003, a 6-3 decision, the Supreme Court reversed the District Court's decision, and upheld the constitutionality of the Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA), See the links below for more facts of these decisions.

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