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There were probably as many reasons for establishing the colonies as there were colonies.

Some were set up by people fleeing religious persecution. The Anglican Church of the day didn't tolerate "dissenters", despite the fact that the Anglican Church was founded because of King Henry's dissent to the Catholic Church's refusal to permit his divorce from Catherine of Aragon and his remarriage to Anne Boleyn. And the Puritans of Massachusetts Bay Colony didn't much care for William Penn's Quakers, or the Roman Catholics who settled Maryland.


Some were established for resources and raw materials. The Royal Navy needed pitch and tar for the ships, and these were easily obtainable from the forests of New England.


Georgia was a penal colony; established as someplace far away to ship English lawbreakers. (Note that after the United States declared independence, Britain had to go even farther afield to dispose of their prisoners - in Australia.)

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