Lower courts are typically organized into a hierarchical structure, which can vary by jurisdiction. Generally, they include trial courts, which handle the initial hearings and evidence presentation, and may be further divided into specialized courts (e.g., family, juvenile, or small claims courts). Below trial courts, there may also be municipal or local courts that address minor offenses and infractions. Appeals from lower courts typically move up to higher appellate courts, which review decisions for legal errors.
In the United States the lower courts are trial courts: the courts that first hear or try cases both civil and criminal. The decisions in lower courts can be appealed to higher courts.
The federal courts were organized by the Legislative Branch of government, specifically through the Judiciary Act of 1789. This act established the structure and jurisdiction of the federal court system, including the Supreme Court and lower federal courts. The Legislative Branch, composed of Congress, holds the authority to create and regulate the federal judiciary as outlined in Article III of the U.S. Constitution.
the two main stes if inferior federal courts. the lower courts are called district courts and appellate courts.
Congress established the lower federal courts
Lower courts are where cases are initially started. If they are appealed, they are taken to higher courts.
Appellate courts
Congress has the power to create lower federal courts, therefore the Legislative branch has the power to create these courts.
lower district courts
Municipal Courts
Congress is responsible for establishing lower courts as they are needed. This is a power designed to this the legislative branch of government in the U.S. Constitution.
The judicial power granted to Congress under the U.S. Constitution allows it to establish inferior courts beneath the Supreme Court. This authority is outlined in Article III, Section 1, enabling Congress to create and organize various lower courts, such as district courts and courts of appeals. These courts handle federal cases, ensuring the judiciary operates effectively and can manage the caseload that the Supreme Court does not directly address. This structure helps maintain a balanced and accessible legal system.
US District Courts ...US Courts of Appeal ...