Old testament canon book list

Answer 1

The complete Jewish Bible is composed of 24 books called the Tanakh (ת×?״ך). In Hebrew, Tanakh is an acronym of T, N, K which stands for the three parts of the Tanakh:

1. Torah (Teachings) (the T represents the letter 'taf' - ת),
2. Nevi'im (Prophets) (the N represents the letter 'nun' - ×? ),
3. K'tuvim (Writings) (the K represents the letter 'chaf-sofit' - ך which can be transliterated as either 'ch' or 'kh' in English).

1) Torah (תורה) also called the "Teachings" or the Pentateuch and is the primary Jewish holy book. It is composed of the 5 Books of Moses (also called the Books of the Law). These books are: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. Jews believe that the Torah was given by God to Moses (Exodus 24:12), who transmitted it to the people (Deuteronomy 31:24). Traditionally, it is read in front of a congregation three days a week and the scroll containing the Torah is considered holy. The word "Torah" derives from the Hebrew Word "yarah" which means "to aim" or "direct" and Jews believe that the words of the Torah aim and direct a Jew to proper action (orthopraxis) and proper belief (orthodoxos). The word Torah also has the same root as 'morah', meaning teacher.

Traditionally, the written and oral Torah. The written Torah is Tanakh, the Five Books of Moses. (Bereshit, "In the beginning," also called Genesis; Shemot, "Names," also called Exodus; Vayikra, "He called," also called Leviticus; Bamidbar, "In the desert," also called Numbers; and Devarim, "Words," also called Deuteronomy). The oral Torah is the discussions and interpretations of those scriptures applied into law and practice over time, collected in Talmud and Mishnah.

1-5: The Torah or Five Books of Moses:

1. (בראשית / Bereshit) - Genesis2. (שמות / Shemot) - Exodus3. (ויקרא / Vayikra) - Leviticus4. (במדבר / Bamidbar) - Numbers5. (דברים / Devarim) - Deuteronomy

2) Nevi'im (×?ביאים) which is usually translated as the "Prophets". The Jews see the book of Prophets as the story of their past and the relationship between God and Israel. Jewish tradition (Talmud, Bava Batra 14b) states that the prophetic books were written by the authors whose names they bear: Joshua, Samuel, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, etc. Judges is credited to Samuel, Kings was written by Jeremiah. The Prophets is comprised of a total of 8 books according to the Jewish count.

6-9: The Nevi'im Rishonim, the Early Prophets: 6. (יהושע / Y'hoshua) - Joshua7. (שופטים / Shophtim) - Judges8. (שמואל / Sh'muel) - Samuel (I & II)9. (מלכים / M'lakhim) - Kings (I & II)10-13: The Nevi'im Acharonim, the Later Prophets10. (ישעיה / Y'shayahu) - Isaiah11. (ירמיה / Yir'mi'yahu) - Jeremiah12. (יחזקאל / Y'khezqel) - Ezekiel13. (תרי עשר / Trei Asar), or Minor Prophets (or "The Twelve Prophets")

Books and Prophets within the Trei Asar

a. (הושע / Hoshea) - Hoseab. (יואל / Yo'el) - Joelc. (עמוס / Amos) - Amosd. (עובדיה / Ovadyah) - Obadiahe. (יו×?×” / Yonah) - Jonahf. (מיכה / Mikhah) - Micahg. (×?חום / Nakhum) - Nahumh. (חבקוק /Havakuk) - Habakkuki. (צפ×?×™×” / Ts'phanyah) - Zephaniahj. (×—×’×™ / Khagai) - Haggaik. (זכריה / Z'kharyah) - Zechariahl. (מלאכי / Mal'akhi) - Malachi

3) Ketuvim (כתובים) which is usually translated as the "Writings" and which composes the remaining History Books: Daniel, Lamentations, and others. Jewish tradition (Talmud, Bava Batra 14b) states that the prophetic books were written by the authors whose names they bear: Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, etc. Ruth was written by Samuel, Lamentations was written by Jeremiah, Psalms was set in writing by King David, Chronicles was written by Ezra, Proverbs, Song of Songs and Kohellet (Ecclesiastes) were written by King Solomon, and Esther was written by Mordecai and Esther. Concerning Job, the Talmud states more than one opinion as to when it was written. The Writings consists of 11 books by the Jewish count:

14-16: The "Sifrei Emet"

14. (תהלים / Tehillim) - Psalms

15. (משלי / Mishlei) - Proverbs

16. (איוב / Iyov) - Job

17-21: The "Five Megilot" or "Five Scrolls"

17. (שיר השירים / Shir Hashirim) - Song of Songs

18. (רות / Rut) - Ruth

19. (איכה / Eikhah) - Lamentations

20. (קהלת / Kohelet) - Ecclesiastes

21. (אסתר / Esther) - Esther

22-24: The rest of the Writings:

22. (ד×?יאל / Dani'el) - Daniel

23. (עזרא ו×?חמיה / Ezra v'Nechemia) - Ezra-Nehemiah

24. (דברי הימים / Divrei Hayamim) - Chronicles (I & II)