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Construction:

Tunnel diodes are usually fabricated from germanium, gallium or gallium arsenide. These all have small forbidden energy gaps and high ion motilities. Silicon is not used in the fabrication of tunnel diodes due to low (Ip,I v)value.

A small tin dot is soldered or alloyed to a heavily doped pellet of n-type Ge, GaSb or GaAs. The pellet is then soldered to anode which is also used for heat dissipation. The cathode contact is connected to the tin dot via a mesh screen used to reduce inductance. The diode has a ceramic body and a hermetically sealing lid on top.

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