Explain about decentralization of power in India?

Answer 1

Transfer of decision making power and assignment of accountability and responsibility for result. It is accompanied by delegation of commensurate authority to individuals or units at all levels of an organization even those far removed from headquarters or other centers of power.

Central state power is decentralized through administrative arrangements such as devolution, deconcentration, regional autonomy and federalism that separate groups into distinct political units, each responsible for specified functions.

Decentralization is designed to create a political environment in which power to access political, economic, and social resources is distributed between the central government and lower levels of government.

India is a vast country with many different cultures and languages. India democracy is known as one of the best democracy of the world. India is gifted with vast abundance of resources, whether it is a man or any other natural resource. Thus, India seldom has to depend on other countries for its needs. India is a developing country and it is developing at a steady speed. For example- Green Revolution and White Revolution are big examples of our country's development.

As I have mentioned above, India has various cultures, religions and languages. Thus maintaining peace and harmony between its own people has always been a tuff job. So, the ideas of states were introduced. States were mainly divided on the basis of cultures and languages and so followed its name. For example- Nagaland, Assam, Maharashtra, etc. But states were not divided on the basis of religion; this is because of main two reasons-

1) People of same culture may follow different religion.

2) Moreover, by naming states on the basis of religion hampers the idea of secularity within India.

Furthermore, states were divided into districts to enable better and easy constitution. Now this promotes the idea of decentralization of power.

Constitution of India has divided the power to regulate the country between different levels of government. Namely-

1) Central level

2) State level

3) Local level

Federal form of government has two or more tiers of government. India adopted two tier system of government at the centre and state in beginning. But a vast country like India is impossible to control with only this two tiers so, the third local government below state government was introduced. This is the reason for decentralization of power in India.

The basic idea behind this is that there is large number of problems and issues which are best settled at local level.