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Members of Canada's House of Commons are elected by the eligible voters in each of Canada's 308 electoral districts, either in a general election or a by-election.

Members of the Senate are appointed by the Prime Minister.

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Parliament has three components: The Queen, the Senate, and the House of Commons.

The Senate is composed of 105 members appointed by the Governor General (as the Queen's representative) on the advice of the prime minister (the head of Government). The person recommended for appointment is entirely at the personal discretion of the prime minister. Some provinces have created a framework to vote for Senate nominations, with the understanding that the prime minister will recommend the elected nominee.

Members of the House of Commons are elected by a single-member plurality system at each general election (or when a seat is vacated early, in a by-election during an early-formed Parliament). Because members are elected by plurality, this means that a member does not need to be elected by a majority of voters, but rather only needs more votes than any other single candidate.

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Q: How Canadian members of Parliament are chosen?
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