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HIV attaches to host cells primarily through the interaction of its envelope glycoprotein, gp120, with the CD4 receptor on the surface of T-helper cells. This binding facilitates a conformational change that allows gp120 to interact with a co-receptor, either CCR5 or CXCR4, which is crucial for the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane. Once fusion occurs, the viral RNA and enzymes are released into the host cell, allowing for viral replication.
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What is it called when infection leads quickly to breaking open of host cell?
HIV
What does HIV use to reproduce?
HIV is a retrovirus as it transcribed mRNA into DNA. It invades a host cell and uses the cells machinery to copy its own genetic material. This produces multiple copies of the virus within the host cell, which then ruptures releasing the virus and the process is repeated.
How do viruses get into bacterial cell?
A virus has proteins on its capsid that bind to living host cell. Once the virus has attached it enters the cell or inserts DNA/RNA into the cell.
What genetic material of some viruses such as HIV is not normal DNA but is instead?
Some viruses, such as HIV, contain RNA as their genetic material instead of the more typical DNA. Specifically, HIV is a retrovirus, meaning it uses reverse transcription to convert its RNA into DNA after entering a host cell. This DNA then integrates into the host's genome, allowing the virus to replicate and persist within the host.
When human immunodeficiency virus HIV attaches to a host cell what genetic material is released into the cell's cytoplasm?
Within the HIV capsid is the genetic material RNA along with two reverse transcriptase enzymes to copy the RNA into DNA inside the invaded cell.
What is a form in which HIV hides in the host cell?
the forms in which hiv hides in the host cell is retrovirus
How does hiv attach to the host cell?
with the help of lymphocyte and phagocyte
When infection leads quickly to breaking open of host cell?
HIV
What blocks HIV binding to host cell receptors?
Protease inhibitors.
What is it called when infection leads quickly to breaking open of host cell?
HIV
What must HIV surface protein do to enter a host cell?
The proteins in the capsid allow the virus to attach to the "docking stations" proteins of the host cell.
Does a portion of the viral envelope come from the cell membrane of the host cell?
Yes, a portion of the viral envelope can come from the host cell membrane. When a virus buds out of a host cell, it can acquire some of the host cell's membrane components, incorporating them into its envelope.
What does HIV use to reproduce?
HIV is a retrovirus as it transcribed mRNA into DNA. It invades a host cell and uses the cells machinery to copy its own genetic material. This produces multiple copies of the virus within the host cell, which then ruptures releasing the virus and the process is repeated.
Can someone be a host for the HIV virus and not have HIV?
Definitely the answer to this is an emphatic NO. If you have HIV then you are a host for HIV and vice versa. You cannot be one without the other.
What is the role of CD4 receptores in HIV infections?
The role of the CD4 receptors in HIV is so that the virus fuses with the T helper cells.
Which of the following lists the steps of HIV replication in the correct order?
HIV binds with the CD4 protein on the surface of the T4 lymphocyte. The HIV fuses with the T4 lymphocyte. Viral RNA (ribonucleic acid) and reverse transcriptase enter the target cell. Reverse transcriptase produces viral DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) from the viral RNA. Viral DNA enters the target cell's nucleus and splices into the target cell's DNA. The target cell uses the information on the viral DNA and produces the pieces needed for building copies of HIV. The pieces are assembled into new copies of HIV. This process uses an enzyme called protease. Copies of HIV are released from the target cell in a process called budding.
Hiv is a virus affecting RNA or DNA?
HIV affects the DNA of the host cell by incorporating the double stranded DNA synthesized from reverse transcriptase as a provirus into the cell's DNA. These proviral genes are then transcribed into RNA molecules.
