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In many ways. For one thing, evolution and natural selection are mindless processes; they act without regard for the rights to happiness or life of the individual. On the other hand, human civilization has throughout history tried as much as possible to move away from blind forces of nature like natural selection, and as a result, human populations now may harbour many genes that would, under less civilized circumstances, have detrimental effects on human survival chances.
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Did Stephen Jay Gould say that fossil evidence completely contradicts natural selection?
Answer 1Although Gould was often quote-mined by creationists suggesting that Gould thought that the fossil evidence did not support common descent, none of this relates in any way to natural selection, the proposed mechanism for evolution.Answer 2No. Stephen Jay Gould said that natural selection was the best explanation for the evolution of species. However, he differed from Charles Darwin in his understanding of the process.Whereas Darwin appears to have expected that evolution would be a gradual, continuous process, Gould suggested a process of punctuated equilibrium. He said that species were more likely to have remained relatively unchanged for long periods until a period of rapid evolution resulted in the evolution of new species. He felt that this was more consistent with the fossil record.Answer 3As a palaeontologist by profession this was Gould's area of expertise. Although revered as a great scientist Gould has received some attention from creationists for parts of his comments on the nature of the fossil record. He is quote-mined as referring to the fossil record in relation to evolution in the following way:"The absence of fossil evidence for intermediary stages between major transitions in organic design, indeed our inability, even in our imagination, to construct functional intermediates in many cases, has been a persistent and nagging problem for gradualistic accounts of evolution."Stephen Jay Gould (Professor of Geology and Paleontology, Harvard University), 'Is a new and general theory of evolution emerging?' Paleobiology, vol.6(1), January 1980,p. 127."All paleontologists know that the fossil record contains precious little in the way of intermediate forms; transitions between the major groups are characteristically abrupt."Stephen Jay Gould 'The return of hopeful monsters'. Natural History, vol. LXXXVI(6), June-July 1977, p. 24."The extreme rarity of transitional forms in the fossil record persists as the trade secret of paleontology. The evolutionary trees that adorn our textbooks have data only at the tips and nodes of their branches; the rest is inference, however reasonable, not the evidence of fossils. Yet Darwin was so wedded to gradualism that he wagered his entire theory on a denial of this literal record:The geological record is (here Gould is quoting Darwin) extremely imperfect and this fact will to a large extent explain why we do not find intermediate varieties, connecting together all the extinct and existing forms of life by the finest graduated steps. He who rejects these views on the nature of the geological record will rightly reject my whole theory. (end of quote)Darwin's argument still persists as the favored escape of most paleontologists from the embarrassment of a record that seems to show so little of evolution. In exposing its cultural and methodological roots, I wish in no way to impugn the potential validity of gradualism (for all general views have similar roots). I wish only to point out that it was never "seen" in the rocks.Paleontologists have paid an exorbitant price for Darwin's argument. We fancy ourselves as the only true students of life's history, yet to preserve our favored account of evolution by natural selection we view our data as so bad that we never see the very process we profess to study."Stephen Jay Gould 'Evolution's erratic pace'. Natural History, vol. LXXXVI95), May 1977, p.14.Gould's commitment to Darwinian evolution followed from an understanding and knowledge of the fossil record that belies the literal text of the quotes lifted out of context by creationists. What the evidence shows is clear from the completestatements of Gould and many other palaeontologists in their proper context, no matter what creationists make of them.
What discussing the problem of ozone depletion?
The problem of ozone depletion is that it is being damaged. The damaging is causing various other natural problems.
What are three reasons that support the fact that evolution is a valid process?
The word 'evolution' can refer to both established fact, and to the theoretical model explaining observations in terms of what we know about that fact. Evolution, the fact, refers to the observed phenomenon of the changing of allele frequencies in populations. Evolution, the theory, refers to the theory that evolution (the fact) is a result of reproductive variation (eg. mutations), and is mediated by differential reproductive success (natural selection) to produce new forms. Evolution, the theory, is as close to fact as any science can come. Note that the term 'scientific theory' does not have the same meaning as the popular vernacular 'theory'. In everyday use, the word 'theory' may be used to describe a mere hunch or speculation - whereas in science, a theory is a comprehensive, well-supported explanatory model, consisting of multiply verified hypotheses and independently verifiable facts and laws. Evolutionary theory encompasses the central hypotheses of common descent and natural selection.
Are natural disasters a big problem in the world?
Yes, natural disasters can be a significant problem in the world due to their destructive impact on communities, causing loss of lives, displacement of populations, and economic damage. Climate change is also contributing to an increase in the frequency and severity of natural disasters, making it an even bigger concern for global populations.
What is the difference between acclimatization and natural selection?
The difference is that in acclimatization the process of change occurs in a shorter period of time.for example animals shed more hair if their moved to a region where the seasons are alot warmer.Or produce more fluids during the hot season while they didn't do any of these things in their past habitats.Now natural selection occurs over generations where creatures with the traits that help more to survive stay alive and reproduce which makes the whole pack of animals evolve over time in order to survive.Survival of the fittest.
What is a genetic algorithm?
A method that mimics evolution and natural selection to solve the problem.
Why did Charles Darwin started the theiry of evolution?
To explain the species problem, " that mystery of mysteries " which was the natural history problem of the day. From his observations and experiments Darwin proposed his theory of evolution by natural selection, which provided a mechanism for the observed fact of evolution.
Why is Darwin's theory of evolution better than Lamrack's?
Darwin's explanation for the fact of evolution was better than Lamarck's explanation and fit the fact of evolution. Natural selection solved much of the species problem, but acquired characteristics did not have the empirical support and explained nothing in the end.
What effect did Charles Darwin's theory have on human history?
Biology became a true science with the theory of evolution by natural selection becoming the bedrock of biology. Now the species problem was solved and sense was brought to the disparate areas of natural history observations. Biology became the major science it is today and all of humanity was affected by the results in medical to behavioral science that were directly inspired by the theory of evolution by natural selection
What is the single most far reaching scientific theory ever formulated?
Probably quantum physics.But I would have a bit of a problem separating that from relativistic physics and evolution by natural selection as very close runners up,
Is Charles Darwin the only man who believed in the theory of evolution?
No. Many scientist saw immediately that the theory of evolution by natural selection was the best explanation of the species problem(Huxley, Hooker, Wallace, Grey and many others ). Huxley said, " How stupid not to have thought of that! " Though by the turn of the century the theory was being challenged by the new genetic sciences. Not until the 30's did the new synthesis meld genetics and biology into a seamless evolutionary theory.
What is artificial evolution?
Artificial evolution is a computational technique inspired by biological evolution, where populations of candidate solutions to a problem are evolved through mutation, selection, and recombination. It can be used to optimize complex systems, find optimal solutions, or train machine learning models.
What was Darwin's major problem?
Darwin's major problem was resolving the mechanism of evolution, how new species arise from existing ones. He struggled to explain how traits could be passed on and eventually lead to the formation of new species without a clear understanding of genetics. His solution, natural selection, was groundbreaking in explaining how species evolve over time.
Why was variation the weakest concept in Darwin's theory?
Variation?!?! That was an obvious observation of naturalists that opposed Darwin's concepts totally. Unless you mean the heritability that leads to variation? Explaining that variation was the problem. Creationists of the time explained this by positing god's whimsy in designing his species, but this was shown to be nonsense as natural processes are at work in variation and this can be shown experimentally. The concept of natural selection explained how that natural variation was selected on beneficial traits. What Darwin did not understand is how that variation was passed on to progeny. His explanation was wrong.
What problem was Charles Darwin trying to solve?
Charles Darwin was seeking to explain the patterns of biodiversity he observed during his travels, particularly how different species had evolved over time and adapted to their environments. He wanted to understand the mechanisms driving these changes, leading to the development of his theory of natural selection as a process for evolution.
The theory of evolution by nature selection explains in scientific termshowliving thing evolve over time?
Over time, natural selection results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population. These changes increase a species' fitness in its environment. Natural selection cannot be seen directly; it can only be observed as changes in a population over many successive generations.
Is the path selection problem NP-complete?
Yes, the path selection problem is NP-complete.
