Primary effects.
· They include the collapse of buildings, bridges and roads resulting from the seismic waves shaking the crust. During the 20 second earthquake, the ground moved up to 50 centimetres horizontally and up to 1 metre vertically. Some of the deaths were caused by these primary effects.
Secondary effects
· Include the fires that broke out all over the city of Kobe, the congestion and chaos on the roads, the closure of businesses and the problem of homelessness. Many more people died in the fires that followed the earthquake. Problems were made worse by the large number of aftershocks (over 1,300)
· Many of the older, wooden houses completely collapsed. Fire, triggered by broken gas pipes and sparks from severed electrical cables, caused a huge amount of damage, destroying at least 7,500 wooden homes. Office blocks built in the 1960's of steel and concrete frequently collapsed in the middle so that a whole floor was crushed but the rooms above and below remained intact.
· Modern buildings, designed to be earthquake proof, did quite well on the whole and suffered little damage, although some were left standing at an angle when the ground beneath them liquefied. An additional problem for rebuilding was that most people were not covered by insurance due to the difficulties of insuring such an earthquake prone area.
· Almost 300,000 people were made homeless by the earthquake and had to be given emergency shelter. The severe winter weather (-2°C.) made this a serious problem. People were put into schools, town halls, open parks, etc. and were forced to live, in some cases for long periods, in overcrowded, unsanitary conditions. Food, blankets, medical supplies and clean water were, for the first few days, in short supply. The scale of the problem made it difficult for the authorities to cope.
· Kobe is an important route centre. The earthquake caused massive damage to all the transport facilities. Several sections of motorway, many of which were built above the ground on tall concrete stilts, collapsed or toppled sideways. This resulted in the Hanshin Expressway being completely closed. Railway lines were buckled and many stations damaged. A 130 kilometre section of the 'bullet train' rail network had to be closed. At the port, cranes tilted or fell and 120 (out of 150) quays where ships were moored were destroyed. Port buildings and their contents were badly damaged in many places.
· Strong ground movements led to settlement and liquefaction in these areas and so damage to industry was severe. The difficulties of transporting raw materials and finished goods to, from, and within the region also caused great problems for well-known industries such as Panasonic and Mitsubishi. Industries affected include shipbuilding, steelworks, breweries, pharmaceutical, computer hardware and consumer goods firms.
The Kobe earthquake in 1995 affected over 1 million jobs, with many businesses and industries suffering damage and disruption. It had a significant impact on the local economy and employment rates.
The Kobe Earthquake in 1995 caused significant damage to the marine ecosystem, including disruption of habitats, oil spills, and contamination of the sea with debris and chemicals. The earthquake also triggered landslides and underwater movements that affected the sea floor and marine life in the region.
The Kobe earthquake was caused by the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The earthquake occurred along a fault line between these two plates in the southern part of Japan.
Mr.Endo survived because he had went to see his son on the sixteenth of January which was the night before the earthquake which took him away from Kobe and stopped him from getting killed.
The Kobe earthquake in 1995 was caused by the movement of the Eurasian Plate being subducted beneath the Philippine Sea Plate along the Nankai Trough. This movement resulted in the sudden release of energy that led to the earthquake.
it damaged lots of houses
It was named The Great Hanshin earthquake or Kobe earthquake.
The Kobe earthquake occurred in Japan in the year 1995.
The Earthquake of Kobe occurred in Japan in 1995.
The Kobe earthquake in 1995 affected over 1 million jobs, with many businesses and industries suffering damage and disruption. It had a significant impact on the local economy and employment rates.
The Kobe earthquake occurred in Kobe, Japan in 1995. It was a magnitude 6.9 earthquake that caused extensive damage and loss of life in the region.
It was the Eurasian and the Philippine plates that moved and caused the earthquake in Kobe.
The cost of the repairs for Kobe after the earthquake was at least 160 billion yen.
Its called the Kobe earthquake
$100 billion
The Kobe Earthquake in 1995 caused significant damage to the marine ecosystem, including disruption of habitats, oil spills, and contamination of the sea with debris and chemicals. The earthquake also triggered landslides and underwater movements that affected the sea floor and marine life in the region.
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