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primary - if only one carbon is attached to the carbon attached to the oxygen for example
CH3-CH2-OH
Secondary - if two carbons are attached to the carbon attached to the oxygen for example
...............................CH3-CH-OH
.........................................|
.......................................CH3
Tertiary - if three carbons are attached to the carbon attached to the oxygen for example
................................CH3
..................................|
..........................CH3-C-OH
..................................|
................................CH3
(ignore the .'s it was the only way I could make the diagrams)
What else can I help you with?
Why tertiary alcohol reacts with metallic sodium less rapidly than primary alcohol?
Tertiary acids are less acidic than primary alcohols (which are, themselves, not usually all that acidic). This is because of increased electron density on the oxygen atom of the tertiary alcohol, and also steric hindrance for solvation of the resultant alkoxide ion. The net effect is that tertiary alcohols generally tend to "hold on" to their alcoholic hydrogen more tightly than primary alcohols.
What is the relationship between alcohol structure and solubility?
The solubility of alcohols in water is largely influenced by their molecular structure, particularly the presence and position of the hydroxyl (-OH) group. Alcohols with shorter hydrocarbon chains and a hydroxyl group are more soluble due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. As the length of the hydrocarbon chain increases, the hydrophobic character of the alkyl group outweighs the hydrophilic nature of the -OH group, leading to decreased solubility. Thus, smaller alcohols are generally more soluble in water than larger ones.
Which is a polar functional group found in alcohols?
The functional group in alcohols is the hydroxyl -OH.
Linalool a tertiary alcohol?
Linalool is not a tertiary alcohol; it is a secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohols have three alkyl groups attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxyl group, whereas linalool has two alkyl groups attached to this position.
Is Methyl the functional group that is commonly found in alcohols?
No, methyl is not a functional group commonly found in alcohols. The functional group that is commonly found in alcohols is the hydroxyl group (-OH). Methyl, on the other hand, is a functional group commonly found in compounds called methyl groups (-CH3).
What are the structural formula for alcohols?
The structural formula for alcohols is R-OH, where R represents an alkyl group. Alcohols contain a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to a carbon atom of an alkyl group. The specific structure will vary depending on the alkyl group attached to the hydroxyl group.
Why aromatic alcohols are more acidic than aliphatic alcohols?
aromatic alcohols undergo resonance which stabilizes the conjugate base, in aliphatic alcohols +I effect of alkyl group increase the -ve charge in the conjugate base thus make it unstable
How does the size of the alkyl group in an alcohol affect the vigor of its reaction with sodium metal?
The larger the alkyl group, the less energeticthe reaction, because the hydroxyl groups are "diluted". byadding more alkyl groups, you decrease the concentrationof hydroxyl groups and therefore make the molecule less polar. thisdecreases the vigor of reaction with sodium metal.
What is kentones?
There is no such thing as "kentones." Ketones is- An organic compound containing a carbonyl group CO bonded to two alkyl groups, made by oxidizing secondary alcohols.
Why do alcohols dissolve in concentrated HCl?
Alcohols can dissolve in concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) due to the formation of alkyl chlorides through an acid-catalyzed substitution reaction. The acidic conditions from HCl protonate the alcohol, making it a better leaving group for substitution by a chloride ion, leading to the formation of an alkyl chloride.
Why tertiary alcohol reacts with metallic sodium less rapidly than primary alcohol?
Tertiary acids are less acidic than primary alcohols (which are, themselves, not usually all that acidic). This is because of increased electron density on the oxygen atom of the tertiary alcohol, and also steric hindrance for solvation of the resultant alkoxide ion. The net effect is that tertiary alcohols generally tend to "hold on" to their alcoholic hydrogen more tightly than primary alcohols.
What is the name for the CH3-Ch-CH3 alkyl group?
The name for the CH3-Ch-CH3 alkyl group is isopropyl.
What is the name of the alkyl group -C4H9?
Butyl! Alkane is CnH2n+2 Alkyl group is alkane - hydrogen CnH2n+1
What is the IUPAC name for the alkyl halides?
The IUPAC nomenclature for alkyl halides involves naming the alkyl group first, followed by the halogen substituent. The halogen is named as a prefix based on its position in the periodic table (fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, iodo-). The alkyl group is named based on the number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain, with the suffix -ane changed to -yl. For example, chloromethane is the IUPAC name for CH3Cl.
Stractural differences of tertiary alcohols?
Tertiary alcohols have three alkyl groups attached to the carbon atom bearing the hydroxyl group. This results in a more hindered structure compared to primary and secondary alcohols, making tertiary alcohols less reactive towards oxidation reactions. Additionally, tertiary alcohols can undergo elimination reactions to form alkenes more readily than primary or secondary alcohols due to the stability of the resulting carbocation intermediate.
What alkyl group is attached to the oxygen in the following ester?
The alkyl group attached to the oxygen in the ester is the R group.
Name all the functional groups.?
Alkanes, Alkyl group, Alicyclic cycloalkanes/cycloalkenes, Halogenoalkanes, Alkenes, Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic acids, Esters, Amines, a-amino acids, Amides, Nitro.
