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Sugars get converted to alcohol by microorganisms (usually yeast).

*

Fermentation is a form of cellular respiration, so the cell obtains energy from a high-energy compound during the process.

The respiration does not require oxygen, and so it is anaerobic.

Starting with glucose, the process may be written:

C6H12O6 --> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

with the release of enough energy to form 2 molecules of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate

The C2H5OH is ethanol (an alcohol).

Ethanol fermentation is carried out routinely by certain yeasts, such as brewer's yeast (a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and also temporarily by plants under anaerobic conditions.

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