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Spain is a country in Europe. The kingdom of Spain covers 505.988 square kilometers over the Iberian peninsula to the southwest of Europe. In 2002, 35.6% of the land was arable, 14.5% was covered by plains and pastures and 20.3% was wooded or forested land.

The Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic, and the North African cities of Ceuta and Melilla are included in Spanish territory. Spain is the most mountainous country in Europe after Switzerland and land height averages 600 meters. The Meseta, high tableland surrounded by mountains except to the west and divided by a central mountain range, spreads over two fifths of peninsular Spain. The peninsula's main rivers flow slowly from east to west into the Atlantic Ocean. The river Ebro flows into the Mediterranean. The only navigable river is the Guadalquivir which can handle sea-going vessels up to Seville. The Country is divided into four broad types of climatic regions. Atlantic areas have cool winters, mild summers and abundant rainfall throughout the year. In the Mediterranean, the winters are mild, summers dry and hot and there is little rainfall. On mainland Spain temperatures in winters can fall below zero degrees centigrade and summers are dry and very hot. A mountain climate prevails in areas above 1,200 meters. The Canary Islands enjoy a sub-tropical climate.

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