0
Post-transcriptional modification is a process in cell Biology by which, in eukararyotic cells, primary transcript RNA is converted into mature RNA. A notable example is the conversion of precursor messenger RNA into mature messenger RNA (mRNA), which includes splicing and occurs prior to protein synthesis. This process is vital for the correct translation of the genomes of eukaryotes as the human primary RNA transcript that is produced as a result of transcription contains both exons, which are coding sections of the primary RNA transcript.
What else can I help you with?
Why post-translational modification of protein does not occur in prokaryotes?
Post-translational modifications of proteins do occur in prokaryotes, but they are generally less complex than in eukaryotes. Prokaryotes lack certain cellular compartments where modifications like glycosylation occur in eukaryotes. Additionally, prokaryotes have simpler metabolic pathways that may not require extensive post-translational modifications for protein function.
Do the Golgi apparatus play an important role in the modification and transportation of proteins true or false?
True. The Golgi apparatus is an important organelle responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins into vesicles for transport to their final destination within the cell or outside of the cell. It is involved in post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation, that are crucial for the functionality of many proteins.
Is ester bond involved in stablizing folding of protein?
Yes, ester bonds can be involved in stabilizing the folding of proteins. For example, some proteins contain ester bonds in their structure, such as those in prosthetic groups or in certain post-translational modifications. These ester bonds can contribute to the overall stability and structure of the protein.
What are the 6 steps in protein synthesis simplied?
The steps in protein synthesis are: transcription, where DNA is copied into mRNA; mRNA processing, where the mRNA transcript is modified; translation, where the mRNA is read by ribosomes to synthesize a polypeptide; and post-translational modifications, folding, and transport of the protein to its functional location.
Where proteins are assembled?
Proteins are assembled in the cytoplasm (outside the nucleus where DNA is stored in most Eukaryotes) in a molecular machine called the Ribosome. The ribosome is itself partly built up of proteins, and partly (the biggest part) of rRNA. Ribosomes assemble proteins according to instructions coded into the nucleotide sequence of mRNAs (messenger RNAs).The sequence of nucleotides in mRNA determines the sequence of amino acids in the protein (proteins are folded chains of amino acids). Each three nucleotides in the mRNA chain determines which amino acid to place in one specific position in the amino acid chain that builds up the protein.The message for proteins synthesis comes from nucleus. mRNA, ribosome, tRNA and enzymes together synthesize proteins. They are further modified by post translational modifications such as glycosylation, acylation and folding process in ER and Golgi.
Differentiation is controlled at which level?
Post translational activation of the proteins
Eukaryotes show which kinds of control mechanisms is it transcriptional transcript processing translational post translational or all of these?
Eukaryotes exhibit control mechanisms at all levels, including transcriptional, transcript processing, translational, and post-translational regulation. These mechanisms work together to finely regulate gene expression and protein production in response to various internal and external signals.
Describe the last stage before escape of a viral infection?
assembly of the virus particles and post-translational modification of the viral proteins.
Why post-translational modification of protein does not occur in prokaryotes?
Post-translational modifications of proteins do occur in prokaryotes, but they are generally less complex than in eukaryotes. Prokaryotes lack certain cellular compartments where modifications like glycosylation occur in eukaryotes. Additionally, prokaryotes have simpler metabolic pathways that may not require extensive post-translational modifications for protein function.
What are the most common post translational modifications?
Post-translation or Post-translational regulation refers to the control of the levels of active protein either by means of reversible events (Post-translational modifications, such as Phosphorylation or sequestration) or by means of irreversible events (proteolysis).
Proteins made and modified here for secretion from cell?
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is responsible for synthesizing and modifying proteins that are intended for secretion from the cell. These proteins undergo various post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation and disulfide bond formation, within the lumen of the ER before being transported to the Golgi apparatus for further processing and eventual secretion.
What are the advantages of using a mammalian protein expression system for producing recombinant proteins?
Using a mammalian protein expression system for producing recombinant proteins offers advantages such as proper protein folding, post-translational modifications, and compatibility with human proteins, leading to higher quality and more biologically active proteins.
Post translational modification occurs in which cell organelle?
Post-translational modifications occur in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, as well as in other cellular compartments. These modifications can include phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, and more, which help to regulate protein function and localization within the cell.
Which structure is the site of synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cells?
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the primary site for the synthesis of proteins that are destined to be exported from the cell. Proteins synthesized in the ER undergo post-translational modifications and are then transported to the Golgi apparatus for further processing before being exported out of the cell.
Do humans have fewer or more proteins in their body than protein coding regions?
Number of proteins produced is of course more than the number of coding regions/genes/mRNAs. This is because of biological processes like alternate splicing and other post translational changes.
What are three types of post-translational modification?
methylation lipidation glycosylation phosphorylation
What completes final modifications of protein?
The process of protein modifications is typically completed in the Golgi apparatus of the cell. During this process, the proteins undergo various post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation, phosphorylation, and cleavage. These modifications are essential for the proper functioning and localization of the proteins within the cell.
