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The worst recorded tsunami in history was the 2004 Indian ocean tsunami, which occurred on December 26, triggered by a massive undersea earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. It resulted in devastating waves that struck coastal regions across several countries, including Indonesia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, India, and others, leading to the deaths of approximately 230,000 to 280,000 people and displacing millions. The immense scale of destruction and loss made it one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history.

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Why are tsunamis always shallow water waves?

Probably the worst case scenario is an ocean-travelling tsunami that hits quickly shoaling water (goes from very deep to very shallow) in a funnel-shaped bay. This happened in the Alaska tsunami (can't recall the town name!), where the wave didn't have time to dissipate energy over a gently sloping bottom, and so the full force of the wave hit the bay. As the mouth of the bay was wider than the beach in this case, the energy was even more concentrated. In this record case, it appears the waters climbed at least 1,000ft up the walls of the canyon (with indications it may have gone much higher). However, considering all the world's coastlines, this worst case is rare. And in areas that have long areas of gentle shoaling up from abyssal deeps, you'll find that tsunamis won't do any damage at all, unless the causal event occurs directly close offshore .


Do tsunamis have weather geologic or humans cause?

Tsunamis are primarily caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides which disturb the ocean floor. While weather conditions may influence the generation of tsunamis, such as in the case of typhoons or hurricanes, they are not the main cause. Human activities like underwater explosions or collapsing coastal structures can also trigger tsunamis but these are rarer occurrences compared to natural causes.


What is the case history of tsunami?

Tsunamis have been documented throughout history, with notable events such as the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami which resulted in widespread devastation and loss of life. Historical accounts also mention tsunamis triggered by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides, highlighting the destructive power of these natural disasters throughout various regions of the world. Understanding past tsunamis helps in improving early warning systems and preparedness efforts to mitigate their impact.


What was the epicentre of the recent big tsunami in Japan?

Tsunamis do not have epicentres. Earthquakes do. Sometimes, as in the case of Japan, earthquakes cause tsunamis.


Who is at the greatest risk of tsunamis in the US?

Coastal communities along the Pacific coast, especially in Alaska, Hawaii, Washington, Oregon, and California, are at the greatest risk of tsunamis in the U.S. These areas are vulnerable due to their proximity to subduction zones and fault lines that can trigger tsunamis. It is important for residents and visitors in these regions to be prepared and aware of evacuation routes in case of a tsunami warning.

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Why are tsunamis always shallow water waves?

Probably the worst case scenario is an ocean-travelling tsunami that hits quickly shoaling water (goes from very deep to very shallow) in a funnel-shaped bay. This happened in the Alaska tsunami (can't recall the town name!), where the wave didn't have time to dissipate energy over a gently sloping bottom, and so the full force of the wave hit the bay. As the mouth of the bay was wider than the beach in this case, the energy was even more concentrated. In this record case, it appears the waters climbed at least 1,000ft up the walls of the canyon (with indications it may have gone much higher). However, considering all the world's coastlines, this worst case is rare. And in areas that have long areas of gentle shoaling up from abyssal deeps, you'll find that tsunamis won't do any damage at all, unless the causal event occurs directly close offshore .


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