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Jābir ibn Hayyān may have been an Arab or Persian, and was born in about 721 in Tours, Iran, and died in about 815 in Kufa, Iraq. His expertise ran across a number of disciplines, and it is his practical work in alchemy that suggested to some that he is deserving of the title as the father of chemistry.

Anyone familiar with the history of chemistry will know this remarkable man, but when the broad subject of chemistry is considered, we must come forward in history to find the father of what we consider chemistry today.

As regards modern chemistry, Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier heads a list of those most deserving of the title of "father of modern chemistry" and there are three other greats with him. Included on that list are Robert Boyle, Jakob Berzelius, and John Dalton. We should consider each separately and put a date to their activities to allow an investigator to catch a glimpse into the complexity of assigning paternity to the contemporary science of chemistry.

Irish-born Brit Robert Boyle, who worked in the 17th century, is probably most famous for the gas law that bears his name. The Sceptical Chymist, his first book, was published in 1661. The Swede Jöns Berzelius worked across the 18th and 19th century. Anyone writing a chemical formula (like H2O) is using notation developed by him. Englishman John Dalton did most of his pioneering work in atomic weights and atomic theory in the 19th century. Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier was a pioneer in analytical chemistry, and stoichiometry and quantitative analysis were things that he brought forward. The Frenchman's work came in the latter half of the 18th century.

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