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It was probably Maria Mitchell. She was born in Massachusetts in 1818, to a Quaker family, and received a good education (most girls of her era were not very well educated); she was fascinated by star-gazing at a young age, often using her father's telescope. In 1847, she was working as a librarian, but she continued to investigate the stars. That year, she discovered a new comet. By 1865, she was a Professor of Astronomy at Vassar College, and her work was internationally known.

Comments: I don't know if she was was the first, but Caroline Herschel was before Maria Mitchell.

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12y ago

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