For classical conditioning to occur a neutral stimulus must be paired with an unconditioned stimulus. The neutral stimulus is initially meaningless to the organism but becomes associated with the unconditioned stimulus after the two are repeatedly paired together. This process of association is known as classical conditioning. The following are the components needed for classical conditioning to occur:
The neutral stimulus is something that does not initially produce a response. It is usually a sound taste or smell. The unconditioned stimulus is something that naturally produces a response. It is usually a food or something that causes pain or discomfort. The response is the reaction to the unconditioned stimulus such as salivating or flinching. Reinforcement is the use of rewards or punishments to strengthen the association between the neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus.
A response that is not the result of classical conditioning would be a reflexive or innate response, such as blinking when a foreign object approaches the eye. These responses do not require prior conditioning to occur.
Taste aversion is a type of classical conditioning where an individual associates a specific taste with feeling sick, leading to a dislike of that taste. Unlike other examples of classical conditioning, taste aversion can occur after just one pairing of the taste with feeling sick, and the association is often strong and long-lasting.
This phenomenon is known as vicarious conditioning, where an individual learns to associate a stimulus with a response or emotion by observing someone else's reactions. It demonstrates the influence of social learning on conditioning processes, showing that conditioning can occur indirectly through observation of others.
When the conditioned stimulus isn't repeated constantly, it must be consistent but not too often. Also, the timing or sequence of the stimulus should be consistent, that is if for a conditioned response to occur a conditioned stimulus was applied within 2 seconds, it should always be applied within that 2 second window. So, to summarize, timing and consistency are the two factors for that should be satisfied for a classical conditioning to be effctive and long lasting.
Trace conditioning occurs when there is a temporal gap between the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the unconditioned stimulus (US), meaning the CS ends before the US is presented. This type of conditioning relies on short-term memory and typically involves a brief delay between the end of the CS and the onset of the US.
A response that is not the result of classical conditioning would be a reflexive or innate response, such as blinking when a foreign object approaches the eye. These responses do not require prior conditioning to occur.
In the context of psychology, conditioning refers to a learning process in which a behavior becomes more or less likely to occur as a result of reinforcement or punishment. For example, in classical conditioning, a dog salivating at the sound of a bell after being repeatedly paired with food. In operant conditioning, a child earning a sticker for completing chores and then being more likely to complete chores in the future.
Taste aversion is a type of classical conditioning where an individual associates a specific taste with feeling sick, leading to a dislike of that taste. Unlike other examples of classical conditioning, taste aversion can occur after just one pairing of the taste with feeling sick, and the association is often strong and long-lasting.
This phenomenon is known as vicarious conditioning, where an individual learns to associate a stimulus with a response or emotion by observing someone else's reactions. It demonstrates the influence of social learning on conditioning processes, showing that conditioning can occur indirectly through observation of others.
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING ONE TRIAL LEARNING Requires a number of associations between the UCS and NS Quickly acquired Can extinguish relatively quickly Resistant to extinction The UCS is presented immediately after the CS The CR (feeling sick) can occur hours or days after the CS (food) but an association between the two is still made Stimulus generalization may occur Stimulus generalization rarely occurs you can use almost any stimulus in c.c in o.t.l food is nearly the only effective stimulus.
Contiguity of stimuli refers to the idea that events that occur close together in time or space are more likely to be associated with each other in the individual's mind. This concept is often used in classical and operant conditioning to explain how associations between stimuli and responses are formed.
When the conditioned stimulus isn't repeated constantly, it must be consistent but not too often. Also, the timing or sequence of the stimulus should be consistent, that is if for a conditioned response to occur a conditioned stimulus was applied within 2 seconds, it should always be applied within that 2 second window. So, to summarize, timing and consistency are the two factors for that should be satisfied for a classical conditioning to be effctive and long lasting.
Trace conditioning occurs when there is a temporal gap between the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the unconditioned stimulus (US), meaning the CS ends before the US is presented. This type of conditioning relies on short-term memory and typically involves a brief delay between the end of the CS and the onset of the US.
associative learning - learning that certain events occur together. The events may be two stimuli (as in classical conditioning) or a response and its consequences (as in operant conditioning). operant conditioning - conditioning, we learn to associate a response (our behavior) and its consequence and thus to repeat acts followed by good results and avoid acts followed by bad results.
700b.C- 200a.d
No, Uracil doesn't occur in double stranded DNA. Doublestranded DNA contains Guanine paired with Cytosine and Adenine paired with Thymine. In RNA, however, Adenine is always paired with Uracil instead of Thymine.
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING ONE TRIAL LEARNING Requires a number of associations between the UCS and NS Quickly acquired Can extinguish relatively quickly Resistant to extinction The UCS is presented immediately after the CS The CR (feeling sick) can occur hours or days after the CS (food) but an association between the two is still made Stimulus generalization may occur Stimulus generalization rarely occurs you can use almost any stimulus in c.c in o.t.l food is nearly the only effective stimulus.