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Margaret Atwood, the author, is saying that a society that is placed under scrutiny and many restrictions is possible. It could happen in the present as well.

In the book, the character Offred talks of the the time before the gilead as a time of progress. From history, we do know that there were many important movements such as civil rights (even though it was mainly in the 1960's) and women's liberation movements. In the novel however, after the death of the government, everything was in shambles and soon enough someone else took over (we don't know who specifically but we know it is powerful men) creating the gilead. Women faced hardship for they gave up their freedom and were left to be "objects" for men as the Handmaids are.

This can happen in out society today. If we look at the genocide in Africa and other countries, we see that in a way the Gileadian society is present for there are people who are forfeiting their lives and dying, etc.

If we look in Asia, countries such as Iraq, we see women do not have as much freedom as they do in America or England. Women are left to be house care takers and nothing else.

Also, in some cultures, polygamy is present. Men can take more than one wife but women cannot. This is discriminatory and belittles the woman, making them feel inferior.

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