Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy to produce food. This energy allows the plant to grow by providing the necessary nutrients and resources for vital functions like cell division, growth, and repair. Without photosynthesis, plants would not have the energy needed to sustain growth and development.

Chlorophyll gives leaves their green colorand enables plants to take energy from sunlight and make food for the plant. This process is called photosynthesis.

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Photosystem II plays a role in absorbing light energy and initiating the process of photosynthesis by passing electrons through the electron transport chain. It also splits water molecules to release oxygen as a byproduct.

Plant cells have a cell wall made of cellulose and can conduct photosynthesis. Additionally, some algae and bacteria also have cells walls and can perform photosynthesis.

The 3 materials needed for photosynthesis are water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight. These 3 materials combined enable the plant to make a sugary substance known as glucose. 6 molecules of water+6 molecules of carbon dioxide=1 molecule of sugar+6 molecules of oxygen* *=The plant doesn't need the oxygen so it releases it into the air. That's how we get our oxygen. :)

The reactions of photosynthesis take place in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Specifically, the light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes, while the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) occur in the stroma of the chloroplast.

Light intensity affects where plants can grow by influencing their rate of photosynthesis. Plants in low light conditions may grow more slowly or develop elongated stems to reach for more light. In contrast, plants in high light conditions may become stressed or damaged due to excess light and heat.

In photosynthesis, ETC and chemiosmosis occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. In cellular respiration, these processes take place in the inner mitochondrial membrane. These locations are where the electron transport chain (ETC) pumps protons across the membrane, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP production through chemiosmosis.

Sunlight is considered an energy source rather than a raw material or product because it is not something that is extracted, processed, or manufactured by humans. It is a natural resource that provides energy for various processes on Earth, including photosynthesis in plants and heat generation.

The oxygen produced during photosynthesis is released into the atmosphere through tiny pores on the leaves called stomata. It is a byproduct of the process and is essential for respiration in plants and animals.

The waste gas produced in photosynthesis is oxygen. This oxygen is released into the environment through tiny pores in the leaves known as stomata. Other organisms, like animals and other plants, can then use this oxygen for their own respiration.

When glucose is first formed in the leaf it is used by the cells during tissue respiration to provide energy for cellular activities. It is used to make cellulose cell walls.

Excess glucose is converted to sucrose which is transported to storage organs such as the seeds, stem or roots. The glucose is usually stored in the form of starch. However in some plants it is stored in other forms as well. In sugar-cane glucose is stored in the form of sucrose.

During the day, the rate of photosynthesis is so great that glucose is formed at a faster rate than it is removed. A large portion of it is temporarily stored in the leaves as starch. At night, when the process of photosynthesis stops, the starch accumulated in the leaves is converted to simpler sugars by the enzymes present there.

The glucose in the leaves reacts with nitrates and other salts to form amino acids. These are then combined to make proteins that are used to form the protoplasm in the cells. Excess amino acids are either stored in the leaves or are carried to the growing parts of the plant to help build new protoplasm there.

Fats are also formed from glucose in the leaves. Some of the starch stored in the storage organs may also be converted to fats and stored there.

Photosynthesis happens in two main stages, called the light-dependent stage and the light-independent stage. The light-independent stage is sometimes called the 'dark' stage. The light-dependent stage can only happen in the light. During this stage light is absorbed and turned into chemical energy (ATP). Oxygen is also produced. The light-independent stage can happen in the light or the dark ie it is independent of light! However, it needs substances made in the light-dependent stage so it cannot happen completely by itself. In the light-independent stage the energy trapped as ATP in the light-dependent stage is used to change carbon dioxide into sugar (glucose). There are more details to this process which I have covered in another answer: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_connects_the_light_dependent_reaction_to_the_light_independent_reaction See also: http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/photosynth/calvin1.html

The organelle which converts solar energy into useable energy for the plant is called the chloroplast. The chloroplast contains chlorophyll, the green pigment in plants which traps light and converts it into glucose, water, and oxygen.

The carriers of energy formed during the light-dependent reaction are ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). These molecules carry the energy captured from sunlight and help fuel the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.

Those are NADPH and ATP. they are made out in the light reaction.

cyanobacteria releases oxygen as a byproduct into the atmosphere.

Glucose. Without the glucose the plants starve.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is not directly involved in the Calvin Cycle. Rather, ATP is produced during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis and provides energy for the Calvin Cycle to function.

During photosynthesis, plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and is crucial for plant growth and survival. Additionally, photosynthesis helps produce oxygen, which is essential for life on Earth.

An organelle is a tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within a cell. The organelle that needs direct sunlight to function is a chloroplast. The chloroplast captures energy from the sunlight and uses it to produce food for the cell.

Plants use a process called photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis, plants absorb light energy, which is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen. This process occurs in chloroplasts, which contain chlorophyll, the pigment that captures light energy.

Chlorophyll is the pigment responsible for absorbing light energy when photosynthesis begins. It is found in the chloroplasts of plant cells and absorbs primarily blue and red wavelengths of light, while reflecting green wavelengths, giving plants their green color.

Carotenoids are a group of accessory pigments which occur in all photosynthetic organisms. They contain about forty carbon atoms, often without oxygen atoms and are fat soluble. They are chemically unrelated to chlorophyll and consist of rings connected by long chains of carbon atoms. They absorb light maximally at wavelengths between 460 and 550 nm and are therefore yellow, red or orange in colour as they reflect the wavelengths in this part of the spectrum. Carotenoids are found in all photosynthetic organisms.