Volcanoes

Approximately 70% of Mauna Loa's mass is underwater, making it one of the largest single mountain masses in the world. Its base is spread out on the ocean floor, with only about 13,678 feet (4,169 meters) of its height above sea level.

Yes.High viscosity magmas are thick whereas lower viscosity ones are thin and runny. Therefore higher the viscosity or the resistant to flow property , more violent will be the explosions.

As the magma rises up the mantle the confining pressure reduces which results in the release of potential dissolved gases from the melt.More the dissolved gases more violent will be the explosion.

Low gas and low viscosity versus high gas and high viscosity eruptions are characterized by completely different types of eruption.

The low gas and low viscosity eruption would be a Hawaiian type of eruption, were the lava free flows from the ground down slope often at the pace of a brisk walk. The lava flows are very hot and destructive, however donot normally result in loss of life, as the flows are rather slow moving and non-explosive. The type of magma that would cause this type of eruption is basalt, and would create a mountain similar to Mauna Loa and Kilauea on the big island of Hawaii.

A high gas and high visocisty eruption would often times be very explosive as the gasses inside the volcano would be trapped until the pressure would be enough to overcome the force of the volcano holding it inside. This would often times result in a highly explosive eruption as the minute that gas would be released the dissolved gasses inside the magma would begin to fall out of solution and create large bubbles raising the pressure even further in the magma chamber. The type of magma that would cause these high power eruptions would be Rhyolite. Rhyolite is very resistant to flow and readily traps gasses within it in the process. Examples of volcanoes that produce these types of eruptions would be Krakatau in Indonesia, as well as Mt. St. Helens in Washington.

Mexico's Popocatepetl volcano measures 5,426 meters above sea level. This is the equivalent of approximately 17,802 feet above sea level.

Yes, plants can grow near the surface of an inactive volcano where conditions are favorable for plant growth such as sunlight, water, and nutrients in the soil. Over time, as the volcanic rock weathers and breaks down, it can provide nutrients for plant growth, supporting vegetation on the volcano's slopes.

Yes, its very scientific and only a scientist who's studied space will properly understand but basically when the gases in the atmosphere meet and react towards each other something called a diamoshapricta happens, this is like lava magma meeting the earths crust and turning into lava, well a thing called hippsana, (space version of magma) travels through the gases and when it escapes them turns into lemaan(space version of lava) and spills out the top and erupts just like lava in a volcano!!

Beauty is subjective and both Mount Mayon and Mount Fuji are stunning in their own unique ways. Mount Mayon's perfect cone shape and lush surroundings make it visually captivating, while Mount Fuji's symmetrical form and cultural significance in Japan add to its allure. Ultimately, the beauty of each mountain is in the eye of the beholder.

Active volcanoes typically have a steep-sided cone shape, with a crater at the summit where lava and other volcanic materials are ejected. Inactive volcanoes, on the other hand, can have various shapes depending on how erosion has shaped them over time, such as flat-topped plateaus or gentle slopes. They may also lack a visible crater or show signs of vegetation growth.

1. Increased seismic activity such as earthquakes.
2. Eruption of lava, ash, and gases.
3. Ground deformation or changes in ground temperature.

Volcanic ash is considered extrusive igneous rock because it forms from volcanic eruptions where magma is rapidly cooled and solidified on the Earth's surface. The fine particles of ash are ejected from the volcano and settle on the ground, eventually compacting to form a rock-like material.

Magma rises through the crust because it is less dense than the surrounding rock. As it moves upward, the magma may encounter fractures or weaknesses in the crust that allow it to continue its ascent. Additionally, the presence of heat and pressure deep within the Earth can drive magma upward towards the surface.

When a volcano erupts, magma from within the Earth is expelled through the crater along with fragments of rocks, such as ash, cinders, and lava. These materials can form lava flows on the volcano's slopes or be ejected into the air as ash clouds and pyroclastic flows.

The froth that runs out of a volcano is called lava. It is molten rock that flows from the vent of a volcano during an eruption. When lava cools and solidifies, it forms different types of volcanic rocks.

The Taal Volcano in the Philippines last erupted on January 12, 2020. This eruption was phreatomagmatic in nature, involving steam-driven explosions. It resulted in ashfall reaching several nearby provinces and caused thousands of people to evacuate.

One example is the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79, which destroyed the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum, resulting in significant loss of life and destruction of infrastructure. Another example is the eruption of Mount Krakatoa in 1883, which caused tsunamis and widespread devastation in Indonesia.

The steam may come from magma relatively near the surface heating and boiling groundwater. Some gasses may come from the magma itself. The gas, being far lighter less viscous than the magma, can move through cracks even when the magma can't.

As of September 2021, the most recent eruption of Mount Kilauea in Hawaii began on December 20, 2020, and lasted until May 23, 2021. This eruption was focused in Halema'uma'u crater within Kilauea's summit caldera.

The region of the US with the most active volcanoes is Alaska, particularly along the Aleutian Islands and the Alaska Peninsula. This area is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire and is home to over 80% of all active volcanoes in the US.

The two main factors that control whether a volcano eruption will be explosive or quiet are the viscosity of the magma and the presence of dissolved gases. High viscosity magma (thick and sticky) and high gas content tend to result in explosive eruptions, whereas low viscosity magma (thin and runny) and low gas content lead to quiet eruptions.

Oceanic crust is denser than continental crust, so when they collide, the oceanic crust will subduct beneath the continental crust. This subduction process can lead to the formation of volcanic arcs and mountain ranges.

Volcanoes erupt at varying frequencies, ranging from once every few years to several times a day. The eruptive patterns depend on the volcano's location, history, and activity level. Monitoring and research help scientists predict and understand volcanic behavior.

Pahoehoe is one substance usually not present in explosive volcanic eruptions. Tephra, lava and other gasses are typically present during an eruption.

Yes, magma is indeed molten rock formed in the asthenosphere, which is a layer of the Earth's mantle. Due to the high temperature and pressure in the asthenosphere, rocks can partially melt to form magma. This magma can then rise through the Earth's crust and eventually reach the surface as lava during volcanic eruptions.

Submerged underwater volcanoes are referred to as submarine volcanoes or seamounts. These volcanic structures can be found on the ocean floor and may rise from the seabed to create underwater mountains.

Yes Tambora can be an explosive volcano. The large 1815 eruption blew nearly 4,000 feet off the top of the mountain and was Earth's biggest volcanic explosion of the past 10,000 years. But it can also have smaller non-explosive eruptions like the one in 1967.