Amritsar

The Amritsar massacre of 1919, where British troops killed hundreds of unarmed Indian civilians at Jallianwala Bagh, resulted in widespread outrage and fueled the Indian independence movement. It led to increased anti-British sentiment and galvanized various Indian leaders to demand greater political rights and self-rule. The massacre also highlighted the brutal nature of British colonial rule, significantly shifting public opinion both in India and abroad against colonialism. Ultimately, it became a pivotal moment in India's struggle for independence.

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The Golden Temple, also known as Harmandir Sahib, was constructed in the late 16th century. The foundation was laid in 1581 by Guru Ram Das, the fourth Sikh Guru, and the main structure was completed in 1604 under the patronage of Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Guru. The temple has since been a central place of worship and a symbol of Sikh heritage.

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British Brigadier General Reginald Dyer ordered the Jallianwala Bagh massacre on April 13, 1919, as a response to growing unrest and anti-colonial sentiment in India following the repressive Rowlatt Act. Dyer believed that a show of force was necessary to restore order and deter further dissent. He ordered his troops to fire on a large crowd gathered for a peaceful protest in Amritsar, resulting in the deaths of hundreds and injuries to thousands. This brutal action was widely condemned and highlighted the repressive nature of British colonial rule in India.

The Golden Temple, or Harmandir Sahib, is situated on a man-made lake called Amrit Sarovar, which symbolizes purity and spiritual significance in Sikhism. The water surrounding the temple represents the divine and the boundary between the material world and spiritual enlightenment. This unique setting emphasizes the temple’s accessibility to all, reflecting the Sikh principles of equality and inclusivity. The serene environment also enhances the temple’s tranquility, inviting spiritual reflection and devotion.

The results for the BCom Final Year at Guru Nanak Dev University (GNDU) Amritsar are typically announced in June or July after the completion of exams. However, for the specific date of the result announcement, it is best to check the official GNDU website or contact the university directly, as dates may vary each academic year.

The Golden Temple, also known as Harmandir Sahib, is renowned for its strong and stable structure, which is primarily due to its robust foundation built on a combination of granite and marble. The architectural design incorporates a blend of Islamic and Hindu styles, ensuring structural integrity and resilience. Additionally, the temple's location on a man-made lake provides a stable base and helps to prevent erosion. Its continuous upkeep and restoration efforts have further contributed to its enduring strength and stability over the years.

The Golden Temple, also known as Harmandir Sahib, was built in the 16th century in Amritsar, India, as a central place of worship for Sikhs. Its construction was initiated by Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh Guru, to promote equality and inclusivity, welcoming people from all walks of life. The temple symbolizes spiritual and communal harmony, serving as a place of refuge and solace for those seeking peace and enlightenment. Its gold-plated dome and intricate architecture further emphasize its significance as a spiritual beacon.

The Rowlatt Act, enacted in 1919 by the British colonial government in India, was termed the "Black Act" because it repressed civil liberties and allowed for the arrest and detention of individuals without trial. It was perceived as an oppressive measure that curtailed freedom of speech and assembly, leading to widespread discontent among Indians. The act was seen as a blatant violation of rights, fueling nationalist sentiments and protests against British rule. Its harsh provisions sparked significant unrest, culminating in events like the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

Madan Jathere is a village located in the Indian state of Uttarakhand, specifically in the Nainital district. It is situated in the Kumaon region, which is known for its scenic beauty and mountainous landscapes. The village is often visited for its tranquil environment and proximity to various natural attractions.

well amritsar bears a extreme type of climate and in winters it is extremely cold.temperatures ranges from -2 degree celsius to about 3 degree celsius.adn if there it comes to snow fall,the answer is no.frost is common but snowfall has never been occured.little snow cover happens in january.But scientists have forecasted that it will snow in amritsar this year .

Spiritual Places in India

Golden Temple: A Divine Place

The Golden Temple, also known as Sri Harmandir Sahib, stands as a shimmering lamp of spiritual and artistic significance in the heart of Amritsar, Punjab, India. It's the holiest Gurdwara and the most hallowed passage point in Sikhism, attracting millions of addicts and callers from around the world each time.

How did the Golden Temple appear?

The origins of the Golden Temple trace back to the 16th century, when Guru Nanak Dev, the author of Sikhism, visited the point during his peregrination. Over time, it came a sacred place for Sikh deification and contemplation. The foundation gravestone of the tabernacle was laid by Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh practitioner, in 1588. The construction of the tabernacle was completed in 1604, and the holy Book of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, was installed outside.

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Architecture

The armature of the Golden Temple is a mix of Sikh, Mughal, and Hindu styles, emblematize the inclusive nature of Sikhism and its communication of universal brotherhood. The central structure of the tabernacle, the Harmandir Sahib, sits amidst a sacred pool known as the Amrit Sarovar, which is believed to have mending parcels and is considered sacred by Sikhs.

The most striking point of the Golden Temple is its surface, which gives it a golden appearance, especially when illuminated by the sun. The gold plating of the tabernacle was initiated by Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the author of the Sikh Empire, in the early 19th century. It's said that he wanted to cover the entire structure in gold as an expression of his devotion and reverence for Sikhism.

The Golden Temple is also notorious for its exquisite architectural features, including the Darshani Deori, the ornate gateway to the holy place, and the Gurdwara Baba Atal Rai, a nine- story palace devoted to the memory of Guru Hargobind's son, Baba Atal Rai. The tabernacle complex also includes colorful other sanctuaries, belvederes, and executive structures, all adorned with intricate marble and woodwork, oils, and ornamental motifs.

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Guru Granth Sahib A Holy Scripture

The Golden Temple houses the Guru Granth Sahib, the eternal practitioner of the Sikhs, who's deified as the living personification of godly wisdom and guidance. Addicts gather in the tabernacle to hear the enumeration of the Guru Granth Sahib, share in kirtan (spiritual singing), and offer prayers for peace, substance, and spiritual enlightenment.

Rituals

One of the most hallowed rituals at the Golden Temple is the langar, a free community kitchen that serves submissive reflections to all callers anyhow of their religion or estate. The langar shows the principles of seva(selfless service) and equivalency espoused by Sikhism, emphasizing the significance of sharing, compassion, and social justice.

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Throughout the time, the Golden Temple resonates with the melodious chants of Gurbani(Sikh Holy Writ), the scent of incense, and the sounds of spiritual music, creating an atmosphere charged with godly energy and devotion. The tabernacle hosts several religious carnivals and observances, including Gurpurabs( birth anniversaries of Sikh Gurus) and Vaisakhi, the Sikh New Year, which are celebrated with great vehemence and enthusiasm.

Conclusion

For millions of Sikhs and addicts, a passage to the Golden Temple isn't simply a religious obligation but a profound spiritual experience — an occasion to connect with the godly and to witness the eternal bliss of Waheguru's godly grace and love. In the serene air of the Golden Temple, the shimmering reflections of its golden facade, and the tranquil waters of the Amrit Sarovar, pilgrims find retreat in the eternal grasp of Guru Nanak Dev and the dateless training of Sikhism, passing a sense of peace, chastity, and preponderancy that lingers long after they've left the hallowed grounds of the tabernacle.

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The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, India. British troops fired on a crowd of unarmed Indian civilians who had gathered for a peaceful protest, resulting in hundreds of deaths and thousands injured. This event fueled greater nationalist sentiment and opposition to British rule in India.

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Heathrow to ashgabat airport via turkmenistan airlines is 6.5 hours where plane stops for 90 minutes to 2 hours then from ashgabat to amritsar is a further 2.5 hours . Total flying time is therefore 9 hours

The Sikh holy priests sings the holy hymns and holy book of Sikhs, Guru Granth Sahib, is worshipped inside the Golden temple. Each and every human being can worship in Golden Temple situated in Amritsar city of Punjab state. The doors on the four sides of the main shrine signifies that it is open to every person belonging to any religion for worshipping.

thrice. it was built (1), and it was then burned down by a crazed monk. It was rebuilt (2), but afterwards, the war effects made it come down again. It was again rebuilt (3), this time stronger than the last times.

hundreds of protesting Indians were shot by british troops.

The Amritsar Massacre developed out of protests against the Rowlatt Act (a series of laws which allowed the British to imprison Indians without trial, and allowed the British to suppress certain news stories from being reported in newspapers.)

The Amritsar Massacre lasted for about ten minutes, in which time 1650 rounds of ammunition were fired upon a gathering of unarmed men, women and children who were peacefully protesting the Rowlatt Act.

Over 1000 people were killed, and 2000 wounded. Winston Churchill said of the event that "The Indians were packed together so that one bullet would drive through three or four bodies".

To answer your question, such brutality and suppression turned millions of moderate Indians from supporters of the British Raj into nationalists who would never again trust the British.