Charles Darwin

Melvin Schwartz and Albert Einstein are only a few of Nobel Prize winning scientists.

Charles Darwin was a British naturalist who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection. His theory suggests that species evolve over time through the process of natural selection, where organisms with traits better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation.

Natural selection is a key process of evolution, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the passing on of those traits to future generations. This process results in changes in the genetic makeup of a population over time, ultimately driving the diversity of life on Earth.

Darwin's mechanism for evolution was natural selection through gradual change in the genome in response to factors pressuring from the environment. Geological gradualism, the thought that large changes are an accumulation of smaller changes over time and uniformitarianism, the idea that geologic processes have remained constant over many many years, gave Darwin a geologic time frame in which his mechanism of natural selection could operate. The small genetic variations and mutations that accumulated in an organism to shape the drastic changes leading to the differentiation of new species needed constant environmental pressures over a long period of time. Gradualism and uniformitarianism allowed for both of these criteria and so influenced Darwin's theory of evolution by means of natural selection.

Darwin's major contribution to biological science was proposing the theory of evolution by natural selection through his book "On the Origin of Species." This theory revolutionized the field of biology by explaining how species evolve over time through a process of adaptation to their environment. Darwin's work laid the foundation for modern evolutionary biology.

Evolution is the general theory itself, by which organisms change and adapt over time. Convergent evolution is a specific proces in which similar traits appear in unrelated organisms. For example, insects and birds both have wings but the two evolved independent of each other. That's convergent evolution.

Herbert Spenser used the phrase first after reading Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species in 1864. Herbert Spenser was a biologist and sociologist and did write about evolution before Charles Darwin

If you're talking about Jacques Charles, then it should be called Charles's law because it's a natural aspect of Earth.

Evolution is not a theory it is a fact. Recognised as such by most sensible people and many religions.

There are several theories of how and why evolution proceeds

"oh ok...

im just doing a science assignment on evolution and that's one of the questions we have to cover, although i do go to a christian school"

The theory of evolution has many criticisms but none have proven evolution wrong. For example, some people argue that the bacterial flagellum is 'irreducibly complex' and therefore can not have evolved, even though the evidence shows that it not only could have, but has.

I can distinguish creation theory by saying that it is not a theory, but an ideology that has not a scintilla of evidence in support of it. Evolution, the change in allele frequency over time in a population of organisms, is a fact. The theory of evolution, which is the nonrandom survival of randomly variant replicators, explains the fact of evolution. Naturally, man, being a animal is subject to evolutionary forces.

Natural selection is the evolutionary process primarily responsible for the evolution of species. It involves the differential survival and reproduction of individuals with favorable traits that help them adapt to their environment, leading to changes in the genetic makeup of populations over time.

Being a theory, evolution (or rather "natural selection") is neither "true" nor "false". A theory is put forward as a possible explanation for a phenomenon that can be observed but not easily explained.

There are many "facts" that are offered as evidence of "natural selection" being a good explanation for the huge variety of life on Earth and for the fact that, undoubtedly, species appeared and disappeared over the course of many millions of years, but not everyone is convinced by such "facts". There are other, alternative theories, such as creationism, lamarkism, or even extra-terrestrial intervention, but I'm afraid they're even less convincing than natural selection.

Yes, a scientific theory can be rejected if new evidence or observations contradict its predictions or if a more accurate theory is developed. The rejection of a theory is an essential part of the scientific process that helps refine our understanding of the natural world.

The advantage of inherited traits in natural selection depends on how well those traits increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction in its environment. Traits that enhance an organism's ability to survive and reproduce are more likely to be passed on to future generations.

It doesn't. Co-evolution is simply a special case of evolution in which two or more species affect the direction of one another's evolution. The classic example is predator/prey interaction. All rabbits are variants and all fast rabbits vary among themselves also, with the faster ones surviving to reproduce ever faster rabbits. ( within physical limits and incrementally; think of how humans have shaved time off the mile run in the last 50 years ) This drives the evolution of faster, within limits, predators to chase these rabbits. Thus you get a arms race of coevolution in two interacting organisms.

Charles Darwin was a British naturalist known for his theory of evolution by natural selection, which explains how species evolve over time. His work on the origin of species revolutionized the field of biology and has had a profound impact on our understanding of the natural world. Darwin's contributions laid the foundation for modern evolutionary biology.

The unequal survival and reproduction that results from the presence or absence of particular traits is called natural selection. This process leads to the gradual accumulation of beneficial traits in a population over generations, leading to evolution.

Evolution is science and based on the best evidence available. Creation is religion and is part of so many different cultures that I am not sure which story you mean.
The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection explains much about the fact of evolution (things change over time) and is supported by massive amounts of evidence from both microbiology and the fossil record. There is no 'theory' of creation (creationism) because to be a theory it needs to be able to be testable and be able to make predictions, and creationism does neither of those. Most religions have their own creation myths and the differences between them are astounding. Creationism (also called "the theory of creation" "Creation Science" and "Intelligent Design") have also been disproven for over a century.

Simple example. You know hair color is under genetic control. Two types, blond ( which is recessive ) and brown ( which is dominant ) exist in our population. These two alleles are in a 75% to a 25% frequency. ( dominant to recessive ) if that frequency changed to 60% to 40% you could say that evolution had taken place. Evolution is the change in allele frequency in a population of organisms over time. ( example very simplified )

PS Scientist do not prove things. They support their work with the evidence.

Normally variations might be differences in genotype between individuals. However, in evolution, the genotype isn't important; rather, the phenotype is what interacts with the environment. In other words, two organisms can have different genotypes (seeming variation), but be equally fit to survive because their phenotypes are the same.

Therefore, variation in an evolutionary sense would be differences in phenotype, the outward appearance or function of a trait.

Some people were against Darwin's ideas because they contradicted religious beliefs about the origins of life and the role of humans in the natural world. Additionally, Darwin’s theory of evolution challenged the notion of humanity as separate and superior to other species, which was unsettling to some.

the theory of evolution is one of the most groundbreaking developments in scientific research. the issue has gained controversy in some communities, most specifically those who belive in creationism. Although evolution does not rule out creation it does suggest a far more complex answer to the origins of life.

Over time as organisms reproduce, they carry out reproduction, be it asexual reproduction, pollination or fertilisation, at early stages in this process through meiosis a strand of DNA might have an imperfection. This imprefection can be either good, bad or neutral. A good imprefection should in theory make that organism reproduce more, as it is classed as superior.

However cellular change isn't everything. Environmental factors can influence physical attributes, i.e bipedalism or standing on two legs, or even sharp teeth for cutting flesh. Similar to cellular change, physical change can be a good, bad or neutral thing and assumes that a good change will make the organism more likely to reproduce and therefore the organism is more advanced.

Thus evolution.

hope this helped. please rfine if you are a bit more clued in than i am.

Darwin's ideas are widely accepted today because they are supported by evidence from various fields such as genetics, paleontology, and comparative anatomy. His theory of evolution by natural selection provides a coherent explanation for the diversity of life on Earth and has withstood the test of time through repeated scientific validation. Additionally, Darwin's work has influenced and inspired subsequent research in biology, leading to further discoveries that reinforce his original proposals.