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Database Programming
Databases are collections of tables that maintain and display information, often collaboratively; this information can be used for interaction with an application or gaining general knowledge. Questions about database engines and modifying or using them belong in this category.
8,803 Questions
Difference between partial dependency and fully functional dependency?
The difference is that partial dependency is when a database's attribute is only partially dependent on the primary key. Fully functional dependency is when the attribute is entirely dependent on the key.
What are the disadvantages of the public distribution system ie. PDS?
Food items reach the people very late owing to corrupt and inefficient officials. As
such, the people are deprived of the benefits of the PDS.
The food grains get spoiled because of bad weather conditions and improper
monitoring.
Quality of the goods sold at ration shops is bad. This makes the poor people to
directly depend on the market.
Malpractices like illegally diverting the food grains to markets for profit.
Ration shopkeepers do not open their shops on timely basis. As such, people do not
get a timely supply of food grains. The poor quality food grains sometimes do not get sold, which creates a problem
for the FCI.
Introducing ration cards and fixing three different prices on a single item creates
complications.
What is the checkpoint in dbms?
Every transaction is recorded in a database log. In case of failure the entire log is processed. This will take too much time.To reduce time overhead a concept called checkpoint is introduced.Checkpoints is also known as save points.Only all transactions after the last failure are recorded in the log.The rest are transfered to a stable storage.This way in case of another failure, processing will be done only from the previous 'chekpoint'
Correct difference between file and database?
A file is a record. A record is comprised of a bunch of fields. Files are the subject of some thing. For example, if you are on a mailing list, it has your name, address.
A database contains files - think of a file cabinet.
Why they invented the binary code?
The earliest computers were literally hardwired using logic gates that determined combinations of on/off values over various wires to determine the program. Even once programming moved from hardware to software, binary codes remained the basis of all programming languages.
Disadvantages of Piece-Rate System of Wages?
A disadvantage to piece rate is that employees in a factory for example may rush their work in order to receive more pay. As a consequence of this, quality of production will decrease.
reding
What is the difference between delete and truncate statement in SQL Database?
Delete statement deletes only the data from the table but you can apply some condition and only part of the data can be deleted. Truncate empties entire table.
Drop deletes the table itself.
Data granularity in a data warehouse?
Granularity refers to the level of detail of the data stored fact tables in a data warehouse. High granularity refers to data that is at or near the transaction level. Data that is at the transaction level is usually referred to as atomic level data. Low granularity refers to data that is summarized or aggregated, usually from the atomic level data. Summarized data can be lightly summarized as in daily or weekly summaries or highly summarized data such as yearly averages and totals.
Difference between Manual or Flat-file or Database?
well all three are more or less the same. eg. register or record books. contain simple tables prone to inconsistency, redundancy.
rdbms(Relational dbms) contains table with relations.
eg all the employees of the accounts dept. are part of the employees table of the entire organisation. hence, any changes to either should be reflected in both the tables.
this reduces redundancy, inconsistency
Advantage of relational model over hierarchical model?
Use of primary keys
less data redundancy
compatible with inconsistencies associated with database anomalies
In a relational database, the three basic operations used to develop useful sets of data are?
select, project, and join
When you are typing how do you insert the smiley face?
☺ Alt+1 A simple way to do it is to :-) :-( : - D : - > 8 - ]
☻ Alt +2
Some others are:
♥ Alt+3
♣ Alt+5
♠Alt+6
♪ Alt+13
♫ Alt +14
Entity-Relationship Diagrams of Grading system?
An entity-relationship diagram of a grading system can be viewed by visiting this website at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9486156/er-diagram-for-grading-system. There is information included with the diagram about the grading system.
Difference between Online analytical processing and data mining?
online analytical processing uses basic operations such as slice and dice drilldown and roll up on historical data in order to provide multidimensional analysis of data
data mining uses knowledge discovery to find out hidden patterns and association constructing analytical models and presenting mining results with visualization tools.
What is relation in terms of database management system?
A relation is an assciation between two or more entities.
What is the use of commit command in SQL?
If commands are executed within a transaction, the commitwill make the changes made by the commands permanent. The commands can also be undone using a rollback or by closing the session without an explicit commit.
For example;
begin transaction
go
update customer set Balance = Balance * 0.15
update product set OnHand = 0
delete vendor
go
commit transaction
If the process gets as far as the commit, then all of the commands will happen. If something goes wrong, such as the server rebooting, then any changes will be undone.
