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Database Programming
Databases are collections of tables that maintain and display information, often collaboratively; this information can be used for interaction with an application or gaining general knowledge. Questions about database engines and modifying or using them belong in this category.
8,803 Questions
Do you report discontinued operations for a non public entity?
The only difference between the private and the nonprofit sector, where you find the government and private nonprofit entities, is that you do not have an equity section. A government does not have shareholders in the private sense. It is owned by its citizens as a commonwealth.
A private nonprofit does not have shareholders either because there is nothing to share. They receive donations, not revenues. However, they can run a small, revenue earning business. That would have to be accounted for separately from the actual operation of the nonprofit because running a store is not a charitable activity even when the merchandise is sold at cost.
An nonprofit organization can have different operations. It can allocate a budget to each and then incur expenses. When it eliminates any operation, it then has a discontinued operation. After all, you either list it as part of operations, or as discontinued this year and not at all in the next. Either way, an entity has to account for changes in operations. I already mentioned the store above. That is an operation. For a nonpublic entity, there is a limit to how much revenue it can generate. Above that amount, it may have to be spun off because it erodes the tax exempt status of the nonpublic, i.e. private nonprofit.
transitive dependency
What is the difference between constraints and criteria?
A constraint has a limit as for criteria: to end a loop Excel Questions
Organizing.
Advantages and disadvantages of cost management system?
advantages of cost management in relation to finacial efficiency
What Are responsible to oversee the general operations of the database system?
database management systems
primary key is a column or set of columns (called composite primary key ) that identify the table & make every table unique .
value of a primary key can not duplicated & can not be NULL .
How do you display a subset of columns in SQL?
By putting only the columns that you want to display after the select clause. Example:
select colname1, colname2
from tablename;
There are several different types of data. Some include qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative is data that is not numeric and quantitative data is numerical.
What is relationship in database management system?
A relationship is an association between the instances of one or more entity types. For example, a student may be related to a class by being enrolled in that class. Another example is the link between mother and children. One mother may have many children, but each child has only one mother.
A relationship between entities is given a relevant name. For example, there is a relationship between MANAGER and DEPARTMENT. A manager manages the department; on the other hand a department is managed by a manager. This leads to a relationship called "Manages" between MANAGER and DEPARTMENT.
Similarly, there is a relationship between AUTHOR and the BOOK. An author writes a book; on the other hand a Book is written by an Author. This leads to a relationship called "Writes" between AUTHOR and BOOK
How do you create a one-to-many relationship in a database system?
There are usually two ways in how you can create a one-to-many relationship, either using the Structured Query Language (SQL) or by using a graphical managament tool like the MS Access interface, Sql Server Management Studio (for Sql Server) or Sql Yog (for Mysql).
SQL is the most common way to create a one-to-many relationship in a database.
Create a one-to-many relationship using SQLCREATE TABLE Customers (
customer_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
first_name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
last_name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL
)
Then, create another table with a primary key AND a foreign key that references the primary key of the Customers table.
CREATE TABLE Orders(
order_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
order_date DATE NOT NULL,
customer_id INT NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY(customer_id) REFERENCES Customers(customer_id)
)
The important part is the FOREIGN KEY declaration in the Orders table. It says that the customer_id in the Orders table is a reference to the customer_id primary key field in the Customers table. Each Order is linked to a (one) Customer in this way and each Customer can be linked to multiple (many) orders, because multiple records in the Orders table can have the same customer_id.
Creating a one-to-many relationship in MS AccessPrograms that have a large emphasis on the graphical user interface like Microsoft Access will let you create relationships in a graphical environment. In Microsoft Access you can create a one-to-manyby dragging tables into the relationships screen and dragging the primary key of one table onto the designated foreign key counterpart in another table.
In Access you can get to the Relationships screen by going to the Database tools tab and clicking the Relationships button next.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of file based systems?
File-based systems are low cost and do not need external storage or somebody that is extremely knowledgeable in technology. Disadvantages include data duplication, lack of flexibility, and a lack of security.
What is the main advantage of the microkernel approach to system design?
Microkernels provide minimal process and memory management, in addition to a communication facility.
How do you run PHP in Windows without SQL?
Install Apache server.
The best solution is to install the latest version of WAMP server (Windows Apache MySQL PHP). You can then open the WAMP folder on your hard drive and locate the WWW folder. Inside of the WWW folder you can store your PHP files.
To preview the files open a browser and enter 'http://localhost' to test if the server is working, after testing add the name of a PHP file to the URL, 'http://localhost/myFile.php'.
How many super keys are possible in DBMS having m attributes?
In dbms with m attributes 2^m-1 keys are possible.
BY-ROHIT
Can you create a program using SQL?
No you can't. SQL is not a programming language, so it doesn't create programs. It is a query language, and it creates queries. There is a difference. There are various things that programming languages have and that they can do, which would take a more detailed explanation to define. SQL is very limited in what it can do, being specifically designed to work with data and manipulate databases. It does not have the capabilities of a programming language. A query and a program are both a list of commands to do a task, but a program is far more extensive and can do far more things, and so it is very different to a query.
Advantages and disadvantages of External database?
Dis Advantages: Security may be compromised without good controls, Extra hardware may be required, System is likely to be complex Advantages: Reduced data redundancy, Secured data, Integrated data, Controlled data inconsistency
Explain why a primary key is a field which uniquely identifies the record?
A database table will, under normal circumstances, have more than one column. So, assuming that there is a table of say, employees in a company, the table could look like First_name
Last_name
Date_of_Birth
The columns above could be duplicated if there are employees ...
Bill,Sykes,12 April 1977
Bill,Cody, 13 April 1977
Fred,Cody,14 April 1977
Fred,Sykes,15 April,1977
Henry,Smith,12 April 1977
As can be seen above First_name is duplicated with Bill and Fred - no good for a unique primary key. The same applies to Cody/Sykes and 12 April 1977.
At this point, it would be a good idea to bring in another column, say Employee_number, where each employee has a unique payroll number. This could be the unique primary key, only occurring once in the table.
It is possible to have a unique key spanning multiple columns, but that will bring extra overheads with indexing.
History of database management system?
top 10 significant people,event,history development in database management system
Candidate key and primary key differnece?
All Primary keys are definitely Candidate Keys. A Candidate key is one which can be used as a Primary key that is not null and unique. That is one of the candidate keys can be chosen as a primary key.A Candidate key is a Unique Key and it can be used to find out any particular Tuple (row) in a table.
The following are the differences between A Candidate key and a Primary Key:
1) A Unique key can be null but not a Primary key
2) On a table we can have only 1 primary key but 'N' number of unique keys.
