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Diabetes

Diabetes is caused when the body does not produce or properly use insulin, a hormone needed to convert sugar, starches, and other foods to energy. Causes are not known, but appear to be both genetic and environmental, with being overweight and not getting exercise being contributing factors. This category is for questions about Diabetes, including Type 1, Type 2, Gestational, and Pre-diabetes, and all questions related to them.

4,407 Questions

When the blood glucose level starts to decrease toward lower then normal?

When blood glucose levels begin to drop below normal, the body may respond by releasing hormones such as glucagon and epinephrine to stimulate glucose production and release from the liver. Symptoms of low blood sugar, or hypoglycemia, can include shakiness, sweating, confusion, and irritability. If the levels continue to decrease, it can lead to more severe symptoms like dizziness, fainting, or seizures. It is important to address low blood sugar promptly by consuming fast-acting carbohydrates.

What causes insulin secretion to decrease?

Insulin secretion can decrease due to several factors, including insulin resistance, where the body's cells become less responsive to insulin, leading to reduced secretion by the pancreas. Additionally, conditions such as chronic stress can elevate cortisol levels, which can inhibit insulin production. Disease states like type 2 diabetes or pancreatic dysfunction can also impair the pancreas's ability to secrete insulin effectively. Lastly, certain medications or hormonal imbalances may negatively impact insulin secretion.

Is there a diabetic cappuccino?

Yes, a diabetic cappuccino can be made by using sugar substitutes instead of regular sugar and opting for unsweetened almond milk or another low-carb milk alternative. It's also important to monitor portion sizes and the overall carbohydrate content of the drink. Additionally, some coffee shops offer specific options tailored for diabetics, so it's helpful to inquire about these. Always consult with a healthcare provider for personalized dietary advice.

What if the albumin level is 46?

An albumin level of 46 g/L is typically considered elevated, as normal levels usually range from 35 to 50 g/L, depending on the laboratory. Elevated albumin can occur due to dehydration, which concentrates the blood proteins, or as a result of certain conditions such as inflammatory diseases. It's essential to interpret this result in the context of other clinical findings and tests, and to consult a healthcare provider for a comprehensive evaluation. Further investigation may be necessary to determine the underlying cause.

Why was bovine insulin used as the source of insulin?

Bovine insulin was used as a source of insulin because it is structurally similar to human insulin, differing by only a few amino acids. This similarity allowed it to effectively regulate blood sugar levels in diabetic patients. Additionally, cows were readily available as a livestock source, making bovine insulin an accessible option for medical use before the advent of recombinant DNA technology, which enabled the production of human insulin.

What was the first name of insulin?

The first name of insulin was "isletin," which was proposed by the chemist Frederick Banting and his team during their research in the early 1920s. However, the name "insulin" was derived from the Latin word "insula," meaning "island," referring to the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas where insulin is produced. The term "insulin" was officially adopted when it was first used in a medical context.

How do you calculate insulin sliding scale?

An insulin sliding scale is calculated based on a patient's blood glucose levels. Typically, a specific range of blood glucose readings corresponds to predetermined units of insulin to be administered. For example, if a patient has a blood sugar level of 150-200 mg/dL, they might be instructed to take 2 units of insulin. The exact scale can vary by patient and should be established by a healthcare provider, considering individual needs and circumstances.

My blood sugar was 120 and my a1c was 6.7 do i have diabetes?

A blood sugar level of 120 mg/dL and an A1C of 6.7% indicate that you may have diabetes or prediabetes. The A1C result of 6.7% is above the threshold for diabetes, which is 6.5% or higher. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation and to discuss potential next steps for management.

Why should you rotate insulin injection sites?

Rotating insulin injection sites is important to prevent lipodystrophy, which can occur when insulin is injected repeatedly into the same area, leading to lumps or indentations in the skin. Additionally, different absorption rates at various sites can help maintain consistent blood sugar levels. By varying the injection sites, individuals can also reduce discomfort and improve the efficacy of insulin. Overall, this practice promotes better long-term management of diabetes.

If a persons blood sugar level becomes unstable what glands might be involve?

If a person's blood sugar level becomes unstable, the pancreas is primarily involved, as it produces insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar levels. Additionally, the adrenal glands can play a role by releasing hormones like cortisol and epinephrine, which can affect glucose metabolism. The thyroid gland may also influence blood sugar stability through its impact on metabolism.

What can be done to help people who have too little or no insulin?

To assist individuals with insufficient or no insulin, it's essential to ensure they have access to insulin therapy, which can be provided through injections or insulin pumps. Additionally, education about diabetes management—including diet, exercise, and monitoring blood sugar levels—can empower patients to better manage their condition. Support from healthcare professionals, community resources, and financial assistance programs can also help alleviate barriers to accessing necessary medications and treatments.

What kind of insulin pump will VA suppley?

The VA typically supplies a variety of insulin pumps, including popular models from manufacturers like Medtronic and Tandem. The specific models available may depend on individual veteran needs, preferences, and eligibility criteria. Veterans can discuss their options with their healthcare provider at the VA to determine the most suitable insulin pump for their diabetes management.

Why are diabetics prone to bedsores?

Diabetics are prone to bedsores due to several factors, including poor circulation and reduced sensation in the extremities, which can impede blood flow and delay healing. High blood sugar levels can impair the body's ability to fight infections and heal wounds, making it easier for sores to develop and worsen. Additionally, conditions like neuropathy may prevent individuals from feeling discomfort, leading to prolonged pressure on vulnerable areas. These combined factors increase the risk of developing bedsores in diabetic patients.

When DNA is inseted into bacteria to produce insulin or growth horomones?

When DNA is inserted into bacteria to produce insulin or growth hormones, a process called recombinant DNA technology is utilized. Scientists isolate the gene that encodes the desired protein and insert it into a plasmid, a small circular DNA molecule, which is then introduced into bacterial cells. The bacteria, equipped with the new genetic material, can replicate rapidly and produce the protein in large quantities. This method allows for the efficient and cost-effective production of essential hormones for medical use.

Is diabetes more preventable than farsightedness?

Yes, diabetes is generally considered more preventable than farsightedness. Type 2 diabetes, in particular, can often be prevented through lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and weight management. In contrast, farsightedness (hyperopia) is primarily related to the shape of the eye and is largely determined by genetics, making it less preventable. While certain eye care practices can help manage vision issues, they do not prevent the condition itself.

Where does insulin fall under?

Insulin is a hormone that falls under the category of peptide hormones, specifically produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. It plays a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, thus lowering blood sugar levels. Insulin is essential for maintaining energy balance and is vital for proper carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. Abnormal insulin levels can lead to conditions like diabetes mellitus.

What is the difference between a diabetic cataract and a senile cataract?

Diabetic cataracts are often characterized by a rapid onset and may occur at a younger age in individuals with diabetes, typically associated with fluctuations in blood sugar levels. Senile cataracts, on the other hand, develop gradually with aging and are primarily linked to the natural degeneration of lens proteins over time. While both types result in clouding of the lens and vision impairment, their causes and progression differ significantly. Additionally, diabetic cataracts may present with specific lens changes, such as swelling, compared to the more common nuclear or cortical changes seen in senile cataracts.

What is post-mature gestational age?

Post-mature gestational age refers to a pregnancy that extends beyond 42 weeks, or 294 days, from the first day of the last menstrual period. This condition can lead to potential risks for both the mother and the baby, including decreased amniotic fluid, increased likelihood of complications during delivery, and health concerns for the newborn. Medical professionals often monitor post-mature pregnancies closely and may recommend induction of labor to mitigate these risks.

What is the substance that signals removal of glucose from the blood?

Insulin is the substance that signals the removal of glucose from the blood. Produced by the pancreas, insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells, allowing them to use it for energy or store it as glycogen in the liver and muscles. This process helps regulate blood sugar levels and maintain metabolic balance.

What can be learned about a sugar by performing a barfoed test?

The Barfoed test is used to differentiate between monosaccharides and disaccharides based on their reducing properties. In this test, a sugar that can reduce copper(II) ions to copper(I) oxide will result in a red precipitate after heating with Barfoed's reagent (copper acetate in acidic solution). Monosaccharides typically react quickly and yield a positive result, while disaccharides generally do not react under the same conditions, indicating they are non-reducing or require more time or different conditions to react. Therefore, a positive Barfoed test suggests the presence of a monosaccharide.

What are Insulin elements?

Insulin is a peptide hormone composed of two polypeptide chains, A and B, linked by disulfide bonds. It is synthesized in the pancreas's beta cells and plays a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells. Insulin also influences fat and protein metabolism, promoting the storage of nutrients and inhibiting their breakdown. Key elements of insulin include its structure, function in glucose homeostasis, and its role in metabolic processes.

Are carrots good for a diabetic dog?

Yes, carrots can be a healthy treat for diabetic dogs when given in moderation. They are low in calories and have a low glycemic index, which means they have a minimal impact on blood sugar levels. Additionally, carrots provide essential vitamins and fiber. However, it's always best to consult with a veterinarian before adding new foods to your dog's diet.

How long before diabetic dogs respond to insulin?

Diabetic dogs typically start to show a response to insulin within a few hours after administration, although this can vary based on the individual dog's condition and the type of insulin used. Generally, noticeable improvements in blood glucose levels can often be seen within 6 to 12 hours. However, it may take several days to weeks of consistent insulin therapy to stabilize blood sugar levels and achieve optimal control. Regular monitoring and adjustments by a veterinarian are essential for effective management.

Can having too much protein cause diabetes?

Excessive protein intake alone is not directly linked to the development of diabetes; however, a diet high in protein, particularly from animal sources, may contribute to weight gain if it leads to an overall calorie surplus. Obesity is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Additionally, high-protein diets can lead to increased fat intake, which may also influence insulin sensitivity. It's essential to maintain a balanced diet for optimal health.

When was recombinant human insulin first produced?

Recombinant human insulin was first produced in 1978 by scientists at Genentech, a biotechnology company. This breakthrough involved inserting the human insulin gene into bacteria, allowing the bacteria to produce insulin that was identical to that produced by the human pancreas. The first commercial production of recombinant insulin began in 1982, marking a significant advancement in diabetes treatment.