Electrical Engineering

Conductivity is the inverse of resistance. Since Ohm's Law states that current is voltage divided by resistance, it also states that current is voltages times conductivity.

The forward voltage of an LED is the voltage that must be applied across the leads of an LED, anode to cathode, in order for the LED to function and turn on.

By "average" I'll assume you mean the RMS (or Root-Mean-Square) voltage. If you have a pure sine/cosine wave, then you can simply divide the peak by the square root of 2. (To go the other way, just multiply average by the square root of 2) If you don't have a pure sinusoid, you'll need to do some calculus. Wikipedia has a good article on RMS, especially with applications to electronics: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_mean_square

A direct current dynamo with a major 'amplification'. Driven by a turbine.

Amplitude

how to calculate m.f. of energy meter 3 phase 4 wire h.t. & l.t.

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How Negative phase sequence relay work

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The result of connecting two capacitors in parallel is a new capacitor whose capacitance is the sum of the values of the two you connected up. Note. the safe working voltage is equal to the lower of the two working voltages on the two capacitors.

35 KVA generator using for load 100 meter length which cable need to used

in this method a galvonise iron pipe of 38mm internal dia 2.5 mt lenght having 12mm dia holes on its surface

particular to general

You add an auxilliary normally open contact to the contactor. This contact will be closed any time the contactor is energized. Wire the contact in parallel with your start button. It works like this: When you push the start button, the contactor energizes, starting the motor (or whatever you are controlling). At the same time, it closes the aux. contact. You can now let go of the button, because the aux contact is holding the circuit energized for you. Of course, now the load will run forever, so you have to add another button to break the circuit, allowing the contactor to de-energize. The start button is normally open, closing when you push it. The stop button is normally closed, opening when you push it. Most starter contactors have auxilliary contact kits that you can buy just for this purpose.

An open circuit has a break in it somewhere, so the circuit is not complete and electricity cannot flow. When you power off a light, for example, with an on/off switch, you open the circuit, turning off the light as desired. When there is an unwanted open circuit, for example from a damaged wire, the device or system is unpowered and cannot operate. A short circuit has some unwanted contact between points at different voltage levels, such as from hot to neutral or ground, or between positive and negative. When a short is in a circuit, electricity will take only that path of little or no resistance. The rest of the system is deprived of power, and the conductors feeding the point of the short will likely overheat or burn unless a fuse or breaker operates, creating now an open circuit.

Tubular Meta Halide Lamp

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B.I.L. stands for Basic Impulse Level for the transformer. It should be on the faceplate of the transformer.

Dependency Load is a portion of the population that is not in the work force; Total people under 14 and over 65.

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The total KVA is: KVA = (amps * volts * 1.73) / 1000 for a balanced load (which you have). So: (4 * 400 * 1.73) / 1000 =2.77KVA Note that you can only calculate KVA with the info you have provided. To calculate true KW, you have to know the power factor of the load. If you can determine the power factor, multiply the answer by PF to get KW. For the above to work, the PF has to be a decimal value (like 0.85 or 0.63, etc). If the listed PF is a percentage, like 85%, convert it to decimal (85% becomes 0.85, etc.). Oh, and panels don't draw current, they supply it. Loads draw current.

True synchronous mode and self control mode

transformer works induction principle

No, the resistance of a copper conductor does not vary according to applied voltage. It is constant for a given wire size, and only varies with temperature. Of course, current through a conductor causes it to heat, so current, not voltage, indirectlycauses a change in resistance.

A transducer will take different appearances depending on the specific type. This is an electronic device that is used to convert one form of energy into another. A good example of a transducer is a microphone.