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Evolution
The scientific theory according to which populations change gradually through a process of natural selection.
5,264 Questions
Which scientist is most often associated with the theory of evolution?
Charles Darwin is most often associated with the theory of evolution. His work on natural selection, as outlined in his book "On the Origin of Species," revolutionized our understanding of how species change over time.
What are the answers for natural selection paper scissors rock?
I am not quite sure what you are talking about, but here is some info for paper scissors rock:
Paper beats rock, rock beats scissor and scissor beats paper.
If you are scissors and you win, you snap your fingers in the opponents "paper"
If you are the paper and you win, you cover your hand over the opponents "rock"
If you are the rock and you win, you bang your hands on the opponents "scissors"
If you want to be paper, put your hand out. If you want to be rock, make a fist. And if you want to be scissors, hold out your pointer finger and your middle finger.
Also, for your next game of paper scissors rock, if you are paper there is a very likely chance you will win.
Hope this helps!
Pattern of evolution where a species is stable for a long time then rapidly changes?
Punctuated equilibrium is a model of evolution in which species exhibit long periods of stasis, where little change occurs, punctuated by brief periods of rapid change. This theory suggests that most evolutionary change happens over relatively short periods of time during events like speciation.
When and how did the debate over theories of evolution begin?
Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace were the first to formulate a scientific argument for the theory of evolution. In 1859 Darwin published his book On the Origin of Species. Until this was published there were other ideas.
There is a competing idea, not a theory, that is creationism. This is based on theological thinking.
How do you disprove evolution?
Find some fully formed elephant fossils in Cambrian rock. Find ANY modern animal before it's evolutionary ancestors in the geologic column. Evolution would be unable to explain this.
AnswerGOOD LUCKyes it is i personally dont know were we came from but ill tell u why evolution is fake, my number one reason is if we evolved into monkeys then why arent monkeys changing into humans now they live for like 10-20 years and die so how does evolution suport that? and fish if you put any type of fish in a bowl it will die no one has seen a fish sprout legs. so that is my reason
How is the evolution theory only limited as a theory?
The word 'theory' means it is an explanatory framework for some set of observational data. As to your question: while there is an overwhelming amount of observational data supporting the general tenets of evolutionary theory, and it is now impossible to rationally reject these tenets, it will technically always remain an explanatory model - a theory.
Why is it difficult to make accurate predictions about changes in communities of organisms?
It is difficult because there are too many factors that have to be considered, such as temperature, the amount of food in an area, and competition.
What is the effect of plate movement on the evolution and diversity of animal and plant species?
Plate movements has lead to dispersion of different organisms over time. Animal and Plant species of different types have been transported and displaced to new environments resulting to introduction of species that did not exist in an area before to become an inhabitant of such place.
Natural selection that has led to the evolution of diverse natural history strategies involves the adaptation of traits and behaviors that improve an organism's chances of survival and reproduction in a specific environment. Over time, these adaptations become more common in the population, leading to the emergence of different strategies for survival and reproduction among species.
Evolution occurs through the process of natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits on to their offspring. Over time, these small changes can accumulate, leading to the gradual transformation of species. Evolution is supported by evidence from genetics, comparative anatomy, and the fossil record.
What do creationists say are some of the main problems with the theory of evolution?
Here are some arguments for Creation or against Evolution.
These point to Divine Creation:
- The staggering complexity of every organ and every cell in the human body.
- The vastness of our minds and emotions.
- The fact that the universe has definite design, order, and arrangement which cannot be sufficiently explained outside a theistic worldview. (This is how Abraham, without benefit of teachers, came to reject the chaotic world-view of idolatry and the possibility of atheism). For example, theoretical physicist and popular science writer Paul Davies (whose early writings were not especially sympathetic to theism) states concerning the fundamental structure of the universe, "the impression of design is overwhelming" (Davies, 1988, p. 203).
- The laws of the universe seem to have been set in such a way that stars, planets and life can exist. Many constants of nature appear to be finely tuned for this, and the odds against this happening by chance are astronomical.
Also:
1) The glaring lack of transitional fossils has been noted by the evolutionists themselves, such as this statement from the famous paleontologist and evolutionist George G. Simpson; quote: "The regular lack of transitional fossils is not confined to primates alone, but is an almost universal phenomenon."
"The lack of transitional series cannot be explained as being due to the scarcity of material. The deficiencies are real; they will never be filled" (Nilsson, N. Heribert).
"To the unprejudiced, the fossil record of plants is in favor of special creation" (Corner, E.J.H., Contemporary Botanical Thought).
2) Instances of falsifying of evidence by evolutionists, such as Haeckel's drawings, Archaeoraptor, the Cardiff "specimen," and Piltdown Man.
"Haeckel exaggerated the similarities [between embryos of different species] by idealizations and omissions, in a procedure that can only be called fraudulent. His drawings never fooled embryologists, who recognized his fudgings right from the start. The drawings, despite their noted inaccuracies, entered into the standard student textbooks of biology. Once ensconced in textbooks, misinformation becomes cocooned and effectively permanent, because textbooks copy from previous texts. We do, I think, have the right to be both astonished and ashamed by the century of mindless recycling that has led to the persistence of these drawings in a large number, if not a majority, of modern textbooks (Stephen Gould).
Dr. Jonathan Wells published a book in 2002 entitled Icons of Evolution. Dr. Wells states that the book shows that "the best-known 'evidences' for Darwin's theory have been exaggerated, distorted or even faked."
3) Creationists see the "survival of the fittest" and the dating of rock layers by fossils as being perfect tautologies.
4) The fact that some qualified, educated, normal scientists do not believe in evolution. Or at least question it, even if they still preach evolution: "Nine-tenths of the talk of evolutionists is sheer nonsense, not founded on observation and wholly unsupported by facts. This museum is full of proofs of the utter falsity of their views. In all this great museum, there is not a particle of evidence of the transmutation of species" (Dr. Etheridge, Paleontologist of the British Museum).
"To postulate that the development and survival of the fittest is entirely a consequence of chance mutations seems to me a hypothesis based on no evidence and irreconcilable with the facts. It amazes me that this is swallowed so uncritically and readily, and for such a long time, by so many scientists without murmur of protest" (Sir Ernest Chain, Nobel Prize winner).
5) The fact that there is a shared, worldwide tradition among every ancient society that the world was created.
6) Evolving of new organs or species has not been witnessed during known history.
7) Mutations are harmful, not beneficial. One of the tasks of DNA and of long-term breeding is to avoid or repair any changes brought about by mutations. This means that our genetic apparatus is programmed to resist change.
8) Mutations, even if beneficial, do not create new organs.
9) The fact that a great number of fossils have been found in the "wrong" rock-layers according to what evolutionary paleontology would require.
10) The fact that you need DNA to make DNA. No genetic code can be demonstrated to have arisen by chance, together with the ability to read that code and carry out its instructions. Information does not arise spontaneously; and there is an incredible amount of information in even the tiniest cell.
"A living cell is so awesomely complex that its interdependent components stagger the imagination and defy evolutionary explanations" (Michael Denton, author).
"The astounding structural complexity of a cell" (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
Concerning a single structure within a cell: "Without the motor protein, the microtubules don't slide and the cilium simply stands rigid. Without nexin, the tubules will slide against each other until they completely move past each other and the cilium disintegrates. Without the tubulin, there are no microtubules and no motion. The cilium is irreducibly complex. Like a mousetrap, it has all the properties of design and none of the properties of natural selection" (Michael Behe, prof. of biophysics).
11) The problem of the impossibility of abiogenesis in general. "The concept of abiogenesis is not science. It's fantasy" (J.L. Wile, Ph.D.).
12) The fact that evolution was once used as support for the belief that Blacks (or others) are less than highly-evolved humans. "Darwin was also convinced that the Europeans were evolutionarily more advanced than the black races" (Steven Rose, author). He also "reasoned that males are more evolutionarily advanced than females" (B. Kevics, author).
13. The first and second laws of thermodynamics point clearly to a Creator, since things undergo entropy rather than get more orderly over time.
14. "Radiometric techniques may not be the absolute dating methods that they are claimed to be. Age-estimates on a given geological stratum by different radiometric methods are often very different. There is no absolutely reliable long-term radiological clock. The uncertainties inherent in radiometric dating are disturbing to geologists and evolutionists." William D. Stansfield, Ph.D., Instructor of Biology, California Polytechnic State University.
15. "Even total rock systems may be open during metamorphism and may have their isotopic systems changed, making it impossible to determine their geologic age." Prof. Gunter Faure (Department of Geology, The Ohio State University, Columbus.)
16 a). At current rates of erosion the amount of sea-floor sediments actually found do not support a "billions of years" age for the Earth.
b) The amount of Sodium Chloride in the sea, also, is a small fraction of what the "old Earth" theory would postulate.
c) The Earth's magnetic field is decaying too fast to extrapolate a long age for the Earth.
d) The rate of accumulation of Moon-dust has been measured; and the amount of dust on the Moon was found to be vastly less than what scientists had predicted before the Moon-landings.
See: Problems in Evolutionary astronomy
And: Evidence of a young Earth
e) Helium is generated by radioactive elements as they decay. The escape of this helium into the atmosphere can be measured. According to the Evolutionary age of the Earth there should be much more helium in the atmosphere, instead of the 0.05% that is actually there. The only way around this is to assume that helium is escaping into space. But for this to happen, the helium atoms must be moving at above the escape velocity, of 24,200 miles per hour. The usual speed of helium atoms is only 5,630 mph. A few atoms travel much faster than the average, but still the amount of helium escaping into space is only about 1/40th the amount entering the atmosphere.
This is an unsolved problem, concerning which the atmospheric physicist C.G. Walker stated: "There appears to be a problem with the helium budget of the atmosphere." Another scientist, J.W. Chamberlain, said that this helium accumulation problem "… will not go away, and it is unsolved."
Also see:
God's wisdom seen in His creations
The number of individuals an environment can sustain for indefinite period of time is called its?
carrying capacity. It represents the maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources in that environment without causing degradation or depletion.
What are the four steps of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and examples?
- Variation: Individuals within a population have differences in traits. (Example: Variation in beak size among Galapagos finches)
- Inheritance: Some of these traits are heritable and can be passed down from parents to offspring. (Example: Offspring inheriting their parent's eye color)
- Selection: Certain traits may provide a reproductive advantage, leading to increased survival and reproduction. (Example: Camouflaged moths surviving better in a polluted environment)
- Time: Over successive generations, these advantageous traits become more common in the population, driving evolutionary change. (Example: Giraffes evolving longer necks to reach taller trees for food)
How Groups of organisms change over time?
Groups of organisms change over time through the process of evolution, driven by factors such as natural selection, genetic variations, and environmental changes. Over successive generations, advantageous traits are selected for, leading to the adaptation and diversification of species. This process results in the emergence of new species and the extinction of others, ultimately shaping the diversity of life on Earth.
What is the basis of evolution?
Evolution is based on the principles of genetic variation, natural selection, and adaptation. Genetic variation occurs through mutations and genetic recombination, leading to differences in traits among individuals. Natural selection acts on these variations, favoring traits that increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction, thus driving the process of adaptation over generations.
What is the potential evolutionary significance of heterospory?
Heterospory allows for the production of different types of spores specialized for different functions, which can increase reproductive success and adaptability in varying environmental conditions. It also allows for more efficient dispersal of genetic material and genetic variation in a population, leading to increased diversity and potentially enhancing the evolutionary potential of a species.
A naturalist who proposed the theory of evolution?
Charles Darwin, an English naturalist, proposed the theory of evolution through his book "On the Origin of Species" in 1859. Darwin's theory suggested that species evolve over time through the process of natural selection, where those with advantageous traits survive and reproduce. His work revolutionized the field of biology and our understanding of the diversity of life on Earth.
What life form was on earth first?
Earliest life form is microbe, a unicellular organism. First bacteria can dated back to 3.4 billion year ago. Emergance and true cut point from being a replicating molecules to a living cells is still unknown.
How can differences in each of 5 senses drive natural selection in a chimpanzee?
The chimps taste for fruit drove the selection of individuals that were tending towards trichromatic vision. This allowed them to distinguish the ripest fruit, thus the best nutritionally, with their color vision. Thus this drove selection for these individuals as this train was reproductively successful.
How did early photosynthetic bacteria change earth?
Early photosynthetic bacteria changed Earth by producing oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis, which gradually built up in the atmosphere and led to the Great Oxidation Event around 2.4 billion years ago. This increase in atmospheric oxygen had a profound impact on the evolution of life on Earth, eventually paving the way for more complex organisms to thrive.
What is the autotroph hypothesis?
The autotroph hypothesis suggests that the earliest life forms on Earth were autotrophic, meaning they were capable of producing their own food from inorganic sources like sunlight or chemicals. These early autotrophs served as the foundation for the evolution of more complex organisms that depend on them for energy and nutrients.
The formation of life on earth has little to do with evolutionary sciences, which deal how lifechanges, not how it begins. The formation of life has as little to do, specifically, with evolution as it does with cell theory, or biogeography, or diet of organisms, or photosynthesis... it's a prerequisite for these processes.
Why is it difficult to make accurate predictions about changes in communities in organisms?
It is difficult because there are too many factors that have to be considered, such as temperature, the amount of food in an area, and competition.
What are evolutionary advantages?
Evolutionary advantages are traits or characteristics that increase an organism's chance of survival and reproduction in its environment. These advantages help the organism adapt to its surroundings, compete with others in the population, and pass on its genes to future generations. Examples include camouflage for protection, efficient hunting abilities, and disease resistance.
