Exoplanets

Scientists primarily discover planets in other galaxies through indirect methods, such as observing the dimming of light from a star when a planet passes in front of it (transit method) or analyzing the wobble of a star caused by an orbiting planet (radial velocity method). Direct imaging of exoplanets in other galaxies is more challenging due to the vast distances involved, but advancements in technology may make this possible in the future.

We don't know what the planet's mass is, just it's radius and orbital period. But the planet lacks a solid surface for any reasonable assumption of its composition. It's structure is more comparable to Uranus and Neptune than a solid terrestrial planet like Earth.

There is no single planet named Kepler. Planets discovered by the Kepler space observatory are given designations such as Kepler-22b. Planets discovered by Kepler range from about 100 to about 7,000 light years away. Currently we do not have the ability for interstellar travel so we do not know what the travel times might be.

Exoplanets are discovered using various methods such as transit method, radial velocity method, direct imaging, and gravitational microlensing. These methods involve observing changes in the light emitted or reflected by a star when an exoplanet passes in front of it, causes it to wobble due to gravitational pull, or distorts the light. Advanced instruments like space telescopes and ground-based observatories support these detections.

An object in space is considered an exoplanet if it orbits a star outside our solar system. Exoplanets are also known as extrasolar planets and they can vary in size, composition, and distance from their host star. Their discovery helps scientists better understand the diversity of planetary systems in the universe.

Exoplanets are currently being detected using various methods, including the transit method (detecting the decrease in a star's brightness as a planet passes in front of it), the radial velocity method (measuring the wobble of a star due to the gravitational pull of an orbiting planet), and the direct imaging method (taking pictures of exoplanets themselves). Other techniques like microlensing and astrometry are also used to detect exoplanets.

The diamond planet, also known as 55 Cancri e, was discovered in 2004 orbiting the star 55 Cancri in the constellation of Cancer. It is a planet that scientists believe has a composition largely made up of carbon, which in extreme pressures and temperatures could potentially form diamonds.

It is obviously the solar system.

As of now, the exoplanet Proxima Centauri b, located in the habitable zone of its star Proxima Centauri, has one of the highest probabilities of supporting life among known exoplanets. It is a rocky planet similar in size to Earth, and its location within the habitable zone makes it a potential candidate for hosting liquid water, a key ingredient for life as we know it.

Mercury takes about 59 Earth days to complete one rotation on its axis.

The majority of exoplanets are believed to be made of rock, metal, and/or ice. These materials are similar to the composition of planets in our own solar system. Some exoplanets may also have atmospheres composed of gases such as hydrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.

I suppose it could, but how could the core of the planet GET HOTTER?

This only happens in comic books; Jor-El's home planet of Krypton exploded, and the baby Kal-El fled in a rocket ship to Earth, becoming Superman.

In reality, the cores of planets can't get hotter unless some outside force CAUSED it to get hotter.

No, a planet does not collapse because gravity isn't strong enough to provide enough pressure to crush a planet.

You might make a planet heavier and heavier as to increase its gravity but at some point the pressure in the planet's core will be high enough to support nuclear fusion and the planet will have changed into a star. At that point radiative pressure also begins to fight gravity.

Yes, planets can emit radiation in the form of solar flares or coronal mass ejections (CMEs). These intense bursts of energy can send streams of charged particles into space, which can impact spacecraft, satellites, and even Earth's magnetosphere, potentially causing disruptions to communication and navigation systems.

Planets do not naturally generate nuclear fusion. Nuclear fusion occurs in stars, where the extreme heat and pressure at the core allows hydrogen nuclei to merge and form helium, releasing energy in the process. Planets lack the conditions necessary for sustained nuclear fusion reactions.

Yes, celestial bodies like planets can be knocked off their axes and tilt to varying degrees. This shift in orientation is usually caused by collisions with other objects, gravitational influences from nearby planets or celestial bodies, or internal geological processes. An example is Uranus, which rotates on its side with its axis nearly parallel to its orbit.

Tres-4 has a radius of about 1.799 that of Jupiter [See related question]

Well, besides the obvious one ... that the intensity of light and heat from the sun

is less at greater distances ... there's another one that's much less obvious:

The number

(time to complete one orbit of the sun)2 / (average distance from the sun)3

is the same number for each body orbiting the sun. This is one of Kepler's famous

three laws. He deduced it from crunching many years of detailed observations of the

actual motions of the planets. Then, about 100 years later, Newton came along, and

his law of Universal Gravitation showed why that had to be true.

It says that the time a body takes to orbit another body doesn't depend on the

mass or size of the body, only on the size and shape of the orbit.

There is no Planet Goldilocks. The term "Goldilocks planet" refers to any planet that orbits in the habitable zone of its star, which is the area where a planet might be the right temperature to support liquid water, which might be able to sustain life. While we have discovered several such planets orbiting stars other than the sun, we currently do not have the technology to determine if they support life. Earth, which is itself a Goldilocks planet, is still the only planet known to support life.

The estimated temperature of Gliese 581 g is around -37 degrees Celsius (-35 degrees Fahrenheit). This temperature is an estimate based on the distance of the planet from its host star and its atmosphere composition.

Negative one hundred fifty degrees Celsius is equal to negative two hundred twenty two degrees Fahrenheit.

No, the moon's crescent shape is determined by the angle of sunlight hitting its surface as it orbits Earth. This means it will always maintain a consistent orientation based on its position in relation to the Sun and Earth.

So far only one extrasolar planet has officially been confirmed as rocky, but many dozens are assumed to be rocky. This is because a planet must have both its size AND its mass measured to confirm it as rocky or gaseous, but almost all extrasolar planets have only had their masses measured due to the technical difficulties of measuring a distant planet's size. Most planets significantly less massive than Neptune are assumed to be rocky.

Gliese 581 g is nicknamed "Goldilocks" because it was considered to be within the habitable zone of its star, where conditions are not too hot or too cold for liquid water to exist on its surface. The term "Goldilocks" refers to the fairy tale character who found things that were "just right," mirroring the idea of this exoplanet having conditions suitable for life.