A regulation field hockey match at international standard consists of 2 halves of 35 minutes, with a halftime of up to 10 minutes. Timestops can add a lot to this - sometimes up to 20 minutes, but normally around 5 - for a total of around an hour and a half on average.

For playoff games, after a 5-minute rest from full time, golden goal time is normally either 7.5 minutes or 15 minutes (2 x 7.5 with no break between). This can add up to 20 minutes more. A penalty stroke can then take 10 minutes for the completion of the first round of 5 players each taking a penalty and then about 2 minutes for each round of sudden death. Games that reach this stage normally finish in slightly over 2 hours.

A regulation ice hockey game consists 3 x 20-minute periods, with 2 x 10-minute intermissions between the 1st and 2nd periods.

Playoff games then vary in how they finish: some use extra periods of golden goal, which are played for 20 minutes with a 10-minute break between them (basically, continuing the game) for as long as it takes. Otherwise, penalty shots can be used, and these are normally around 10 minutes for the whole set to be finished.

Most adult players use a 36.5 inch (93 cm) hockey stick but this all depends on the height of the player and the player's personal preference. The general rule is the stick, with the hook on the ground and the stick parallel to your body, should come up to the level of your navel, and you should feel comfortable using it (not too short/long/heavy). Junior players use shorter sticks (down to 28 in/71cm), while taller adult players over 5ft 11in/180cm use a 37.5 inch (95cm) stick or even a 38.5in (98cm) stick.

The stick must also be able to fit through a ring 51mm (2in) in diameter, and when placed on the ground flat side down, the bow in the stick must be 25mm (1in) or less.

There are some general positions in field hockey, which can be broken up into specific roles. Some have different names in many areas, but are all roughly the same position:

Backline: This consists of the fullbacks, any sweeper and the goalkeeper.

There are usually two fullbacks. Their job is to help the goalkeeper after a save, mark and tackle runaway players and generally try and stop the other team getting into the circle and having a shot. The goalkeeper's job is fairly simple: if the opponent takes a shot, stop it any way possible, if necessary by taking the ball (and sometimes player) out before the shot can be made. A sweeper is not used in all formations, but if so is meant to assist the goalkeeper by clearing the pads and tackling a breakaway player.

Halfline: The left, centre and right halves.

The left and right halves help the backs when on defense and the outer forwards when on offense. They collect passes from the backs, take most sideline hits, and mark the wings and inners of the other team. The centrehalf is a dual-role. They have to be good at everything - passing, tackling, helping, shooting, free hits - because of their central position on the field. They are involved in most set plays and are always expected to be in support.

Forwardline: The wings, inners, any other forwards, and strikers.

The wings are supposed to create havoc and confusion for the backs and goalkeeper, by ranging in and out from the post to the corner on offense (hoping to get a pass or deflection) on offense and staying high to get a breakaway on defense. The inners help link passes to the wings and centreforward, usually marking the halves, and trying to create opportunities for a good shot or a penalty. The centreforward is the central attacker. They pass to the wings for deflections, pass back to the halves for them to create deflection opportunities, and generally make a presence in the circle felt to distract the defense.

These are just brief overviews of what most positions do; obviously playing a sport gets more complicated in real life. Some teams may use all of these positions while some use more of one sort and less or none of another; other teams may merge the roles of some positions and create new ones to fit their specific formation.

Player Positions on a field hockey pitch consist of a variant on the following only 11 players on the pitch at any one time but depending on the formation the following can be used:

Goalkeeper

Defenders:

Left Back

Right Back

Centre Back

Sweeper

Defensive Midfield:

Left Half Back

Right Half Back

Centre Half Back

Midfield:

Left Wing

Right Wing

Centre Midfield

Top Diamond

Bottom Diamond

Inside Left

Inside Right

Strikers:

Left Striker

Right Striker

There is no significant job of the team captain other than to lead the team, especially in tense situations. Take LeBron James. When his team is down by a few points in the fourth quarter, he doesn't stress out or yell. He encourages his teammates and does not be rude. The team captain is the guy that sets the tone for everyone else. For instance, if the team has been on a losing streak, the team captain will stand up and support the team saying all will get better. The team captain may also lay down the law by giving rules for what the team can and cannot do.

The team captain should encourage the team, be a leader in practices, and set an example.

in my experience, the job of the team captain is to lead in general. wether it is by example during a game by making a big play, or doing something bad and shaking it off, or leading stretches. also if players have a problem on the team, the captain should take an interest to make sure it doesnt affect everyone on the team.

there isn't a certain thing that a team captin has to do but I play softball and here are my tip on being a good captin:

• Always have a positive, up-beat attitude
• always show your teammates that you believe in them and the whole team
• help your teammates improve. (if you help them improve they will respect you)
• respect your teamates
• never get down on someone who makes a mistake, show them what they did wrong and show them the right way of doing it and tell them "its ok you'll get them next time"
• cheer! that's my favorite part of softball bc you can be loud and abnoxious and cheer for your teammates, but down cheer down the other team
• lets say ur playing 1st base if a girl on the other team hits and amazing line drive, when they r on 1st tell them "hey nice rip"( there is nothing wrong with complementing someone, either on your team or the opposing team, for something they did)
• some of the best captins i have had in all my years of sports are not the ones who are the best players or the all-star but the ones who never give up, who help their teammates improve, who are the first to get a cheer going, the first to be out on the feild and stretching, the first to help coaches, teammates and opponents.

Remember sometimes being a leader isn't about how good you are but how you carry yourself and have you treat everyone with the respect they deserve bc a good captin is not only respected by the team but the captin respects everyone on the field as well!

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I'm going to add to the above. He seems to be basing his views on captaincy from basketball. In other sports, such as Ice Hockey, captains and assistant captains are supposed to be the only ones allowed to speak to the referees. It's not really enforced but it is a rule.

There are several penalties available; they usually fall under either team or personal penalties:

• Free hit: For any minor offense outside the circle, or any serious one between the 23 metre lines.
• 10 metre march: For misconduct after the award of a penalty by the original offenders, between the 23 metre lines.
• Reversal: For misconduct by the team given the free hit in the first place - the free hit is then reversed to the other team.
• Penalty coner: For any offense which would normally receive a free hit, a deliberate offense inside the circle against an attacker who has no opportunity to play the ball, deliberate infringements outside the circle but inside the 23 metre area, and deliberately playing the ball over the backline by a defender.
• Penalty stroke: For an offense which "prevents the probable scoring of a goal", a deliberate offense against an attacker who had an opportunity to play the ball, and persistently breaking early on a penalty corner.
• Warning/Caution: Telling the player personally to control their play or behaviour; often given to the captain for not controlling their team or staff.
• Green card: "Last chance" - the player is formally warned for their actions, and has had their last chance. May also be awarded to a defender who breaks early on a penalty stroke.
• Yellow card: The player must leave the field for a specified time, until called back on by the umpire; the team must play one short until then. A minimum of 5 minutes, but as long as the umpire deems appropriate. Often for more serious and deliberate offenses, and following a green card for the same offense.
• Red card: The player must leave the game completely. It is exceedingly rare, and is often awarded only for the most serious of misconduct (assaulting a player or official, usually). The team must play one short for the rest of the game. All tournaments and competitions will have a hearing to discuss the matter and most will give a one or two match suspension.

• Minor (2 minutes): These are called for infractions such as hooking, tripping, high sticking etc.
• Double Minor (4 minutes): For any two of the above infractions.
• Major (5 minutes): Usually assessed to the player(s) involved in an on-ice altercation. (fighting)
• Game Misconduct (10 minutes): For profane or abusive language and or actions toward an official.
• Match (rest of the game): For deliberately and/or maliciously injuring an opponent.